Les aliments non sacrés d'un second degré rendent les liquides non sacrés impurs et invalident [les aliments] pour ceux qui mangent de la terumah . Terumah d'un troisième degré rend impurs les liquides sanctifiés, et invalide [les aliments] pour ceux qui mangent des aliments sanctifiés, [et cela s'applique] lorsqu'ils ont été préparés avec la rigueur de pureté des choses sanctifiées. Mais s'ils ont été préparés [seulement] avec la rigueur de pureté de terumah , il [ terumah d'un troisième degré] rend, en ce qui concerne les aliments sanctifiés, deux impurs [c'est-à-dire crée, au contact, une impureté du premier degré et, à son tour, un impureté du deuxième degré] et invalide un [à son tour, pour être un niveau d'impureté du troisième degré, mais pas un quatrième degré; c'est parce que les aliments préparés avec la rigueur de pureté de la terumah sont encore impurs à un niveau de premier degré en ce qui concerne les aliments sanctifiés, mais ils ne retiennent pas une impureté de quatrième degré, car la terumah ne peut pas retenir un quatrième degré d'impureté].
Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
השני שבחולין מטמא משקה חולין – for all that invalidates/renders unfit the heave-offering/priest’s due defiles liquids to become first-degree [of ritual impurity] (see Tractate Parah, Chapter 8, Mishnah 7).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
Introduction
Today's mishnah builds on the three previous mishnayot but adds in the factor of liquids, which as we have seen on many occasions, amplify impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
מטמא משקה קודש – that all which invalidates/renders unfit Holy Things defiles (holy) liquids to be first degree [of ritual impurity] for Holy Things.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
Second [degree uncleanness] in common food conveys uncleanness to unconsecrated liquids and causes invalidity to terumah food. We learned before that food with second degree impurity invalidates terumah. This mishnah teaches a rule: anything that invalidates terumah also conveys impurity to non-sacred liquids, even if the food wouldn't defile common food. So common food (hullin) with second degree impurity defiles all liquids, but when it comes to food, it only disqualifies terumah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Tahorot
שנעשו על טהרת הקודש (that was prepared in conditions of cleanness pertaining to Holy Things) – meaning to say, that which we said, that heave offering of third-degree [of ritual purity] makes unfit/invalidates but does not defile foods of Holy Things, these words apply when they were prepared in conditions of cleanness pertaining to Holy Things. But if it they were prepared in conditions of cleanness pertaining to heave offering/priest’s due, that it was not protected/guarded in conditions of cleanness pertaining to Holy Thins, the third-degree [of ritual impurity] defiles the second degree and makes unfit/invalidates first-degree [of ritual impurity] of Holy Things. For the ritual purity of heave-offering is impure next to Holy Things, for it is considered third-degree [of ritual impurity] of heave offering next to the Holy Things as if it was defiled by a moving creature/unclean reptile itself.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Tahorot
Third [degree of uncleanness] in terumah conveys uncleanness to consecrated liquids and causes invalidity to holy food that was prepared in conditions of cleanness appropriate to holy food; But if it was only prepared under conditions of cleanness appropriate to terumah, it conveys uncleanness at a first and at a second remove, and causes invalidity to holy food at one additional remove. The same is true with terumah food that has third degree uncleanness. It conveys first degree impurity to holy liquids, because terumah with third degree uncleanness does invalidate holy food. The mishnah now adds a caveat to this previous rule. If the terumah food was prepared in order to have the sanctity of holy food, then if it has third degree impurity it disqualifies holy food but doesn't cause it to be defiled. But if it was prepared under the conditions of purity appropriate to terumah, it is not considered to have been guarded for the purpose of being used with holy food. Therefore, it is treated as if it has first degree impurity. It will defile the first thing it touches, and that will defile something else, giving it third degree impurity. The third thing will invalidate holy food.
