Un homme peut porter son fils [dans une cour] avec une pierre dans sa main (celle du fils) [et nous ne disons pas qu'il (le père) porte la pierre], ou un panier avec une pierre dedans. [Ceci, à condition qu'il y ait des fruits dans le panier; car sinon, il (le panier) est une base pour quelque chose d'interdit (la pierre), et il est interdit de le porter. Et il doit aussi y avoir en lui des fruits qui, s'ils sont jetés à terre, se gâteront, tels que des baies et des raisins, etc. Mais s'il s'agissait de fruits comme les noix et les amandes, il secoue les fruits (avec le noyau). Et avec les fruits qui se gâtent aussi, comme les baies et les raisins, s'il peut les déplacer vers le bord du panier et secouer la pierre seule, il est interdit de la porter avec la pierre. Notre Michna parle d'un exemple dans lequel les côtés ou le fond du panier se sont érodés au point qu'il est impossible d'utiliser le panier sans la pierre.] Et il est permis de transporter de la terumah impure avec de la terumah et du chullin propres ( la nourriture banale), [mais il est interdit de transporter la terumah impure par elle-même (le Shabbath)]. R. Yehudah dit: Meduma (un mélange) peut également être élevé avec cent un. [Si un sa'ah de terumah tombait dans cent sa'ah de chullin, il est permis de "faire remonter" la sa'ah de terumah d'eux le Shabbath afin que tous restent chullin et autorisés aux non-Cohanim. Et nous ne disons pas qu'il "corrige" par là (le sabbat); car nous considérons la terumah qui est tombée dans chullin comme couchée seule et n'étant pas mélangée, de sorte que lorsqu'elle est "élevée" (c'est-à-dire quand une sa'ah est donnée à un Cohein à partir du cent un, elle est considérée comme si la terumah elle-même qui y est tombée est élevée, de sorte qu'il n'y ait pas de «correction». La halakha n'est pas conforme à R. Yehudah.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
נוטל אדם את בנו – in the courtyard and the stone is in his hand, but we don’t say that he is carrying regarding the stone.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah deals with picking up something that is muktzeh (forbidden to be touched on Shabbat) with something which a person is allowed to carry on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
כלכלה – basket
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A man may pick up his son while he has a stone in his hand or a basket with a stone in it. One can carry a child on Shabbat; a child is not “muktzeh.” However, the stone which the child is holding is muktzeh (because there is no purpose to it on Shabbat). The mishnah teaches that the parent can pick up the child even though she has a stone in her hand. Similarly, one can pick up a basket (not muktzeh) with a stone in it, even though the stone is muktzeh.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
והאבן בתוכה – and it is the case that there will be fruit/produce in the basket, for if there were no fruit in it, it would be made the basis for a prohibited thing for it is prohibited to carry it, and there needs also that there would be in it fruit so that if he casts them on the ground, they would be detestable, such as mulberries and grapes and similar things, but if there were no fruit in it, such as nuts and almonds, he would empty the fruit and they would fall, but the detestable fruit also such as mulberries and grapes, if it is possible to remove them to the sides of the basket and to remove the stone alone, and to cast it away, for it is prohibited to carry it with the stone. But our Mishnah is speaking about the case where it had broken through from the sides of the basket or its rim at the bottom of the vessel and the stone was a wall to it, that it is impossible to use the basket without [the presence] of the stone.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
And one may carry impure terumah together with pure [terumah] or with non-sacred produce. Impure terumah cannot be eaten and therefore it can’t be used on Shabbat. This makes it muktzeh. Nevertheless, if the impure terumah is in the same container as either pure terumah or non-sacred produce (hullin), both of which can be used on Shabbat, then it may be carried. The Talmud explains that this is so only if the pure terumah cannot be taken off the top. If however, the pure terumah can be removed without touching the impure terumah then the impure terumah should not be touched.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
תרומה טמאה עם הטהורה ועם החולין – subsidiary to the pure produce and subsidiary to the non-holy produce but the unclean is separate and is not carried.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Judah said: one may also remove the mixture [of terumah in non-sacred produce] when one [part is neutralized] in a hundred [parts]. If terumah becomes mixed with non-terumah (hullin) then the whole mixture takes on the status of terumah and it may only be eaten by priests. However, if there are more than one hundred parts hullin to one part terumah than one may take up one part out of the one hundred and one parts, give that part to terumah and the remainder reverts to being hullin, edible by non-priests. Rabbi Judah teaches that on Shabbat one can carry a mixture of one part terumah and one hundred parts hullin and even take out the one part on Shabbat in order to make it edible by non-priests.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אף מעלין את המדומע באחד ומאה – A Se’ah of Terumah/priest’s due that fell into one-hundred Se’ah of non-holy produce, it is permissible to raise it up to a Se’ah of Terumah from them on Shabbat and all of it (i.e., the rest) would be non-holy produce, and it is permissible for foreigners (i.e., non-priests) and we don’t say that he is making things legally fit for use by giving the priest’s dues, for the Terumah that fell in the non-holy produce, we consider it as if it was placed alone, and didn’t become mixed up, and when it comes up as one-part in one-hundred and one, the Terumah itself that fell comes up. Therefore, it is not repairing, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
