Si quelqu'un se fait vœu de vin, il est autorisé à boire du vin de pomme; de l'huile, il est autorisé (à ingérer) de l'huile de sésame; du miel, il est autorisé (à manger) du miel de datte; du vinaigre, il est autorisé (à manger) du vinaigre de sitvaniyoth; à partir de poireaux, il est autorisé (à manger) du kaflototh [une sorte de poireau cultivé en Eretz Yisrael]; des verts, il est autorisé (à manger) des verts des champs, car cela («champ») est un terme conjonctif. [Dans "field-greens", on associe un mot ("field") à "greens" pour dire "field-green", et ainsi de suite (expressions conjonctives). Mais sur shevi'ith, puisque les verts de jardin ne sont pas trouvés (car ils ne poussent pas sans labour), et (seulement) les verts des champs sont mangés, «verts», non qualifiés, sur shevi'ith, par opposition aux autres années , est compris comme des verts de champ.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
קפלוטות (porrets) – a kind from the species of leek-green stuff that grows in the Lnd of Israel.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
Introduction
This mishnah teaches that if a person vows to abstain from a type of food, he may still eat another type of food that bears the same name, if that other food also has an accompanying name and is not called by the name itself. This rule will be clear from the examples.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
שהוא שם לווי ( a differentiating epithet) – he who comes to state the vegetables of the field must attach the name of the egetable and state, the vegetables of the field. And similarly for all of them. But in the Seventh year, because the vegetables of he garden are not found, for they don’t grow without work and we eat the vegetables of the field, therefore, undefined vegetables in the Seventh year are the vegetables of the field. This is not the case in the other years of the seven year cycle.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
He who vows abstinence from wine is permitted apple-wine; from oil, is permitted sesame oil; from honey, is permitted date honey; from vinegar, is permitted winter grape vinegar; from leeks, is permitted porrets; from vegetables, he is permitted field-vegetables, because it is an accompanying name. In all of the cases in this mishnah, a person vows abstinence from a certain food, but may still eat another food that has the same name, but also has an accompanying name. For instance, when a person vows to abstain from wine, his intention is grape wine and not apple wine. The same is true for honey, which is normally from bees and therefore date honey, which is not called “honey” is permitted. Porrets are a type of leek, but are not called “leeks”. Field-vegetables are vegetables that grow on their own in the fields. They are not called “vegetables”, whereas garden-grown vegetables are called “vegetables”.
