Trois choses sont interdites à un Naziréen: Malpropreté [(Nombres 6: 6): "Sur l'âme d'un mort, il ne viendra pas."], Se raser [(Ibid. 5): "Une lame ne passera pas sur sa tête . "], et ce qui vient de la vigne [(Ibid. 3):" Et les raisins, humides ou secs, il ne doit pas manger. "] Et tout ce qui vient de la vigne [comme les raisins, humides et secs, les grains et cosse] se combinent les uns avec les autres [à une taille d'olive, ce qui en fait un sujet sujet aux rayures.] Et il n'est pas responsable jusqu'à ce qu'il mange une olive-taille de raisins. Et la quantité à boire est également de la taille d'une olive. Car puisqu'il est écrit: «Et les raisins, humides et secs, il ne mangera pas», nous en déduisons: Tout comme pour manger, une taille d'olive, donc avec une boisson, une taille d'olive.] Une ancienne Michna: (Il est non responsable) jusqu'à ce qu'il boive un revi'ith de vin. [La Mishna antérieure nous apprend que nous la dérivons de la manière opposée, en mangeant en buvant. Et la quantité à boire pour un Nazirite (pour être responsable) est un revi'ith, ceci étant dérivé "shechar" (boisson forte) (Nombres 6: 3) - "shechar" (Lévitique 10: 9), de (ce qui est écrit en ce qui concerne) le sanctuaire. Et tout comme la quantité à boire interdite est un revi'ith, de même la quantité à manger interdite est une revi'ith.] R. Akiva dit: Même si l'on trempe son pain dans du vin et qu'il y en a assez pour se combiner à une taille d'olive il est responsable. [R. Akiva soutient que la quantité interdite pour un Nazirite, à la fois pour manger et pour boire, est de la taille d'une olive, et la (nourriture) autorisée se combine avec l'interdit pour compléter la quantité (interdite). La halakha n'est pas conforme à R. Akiva.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
שלשה מינים אסורין בנזיר הטומאה – as it is written (Numbers 6:5): “no razor shall touch his head.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
Introduction
This mishnah first lists what is prohibited to a nazirite and then delineates the minimum amount of products that a nazirite must eat/drink to be considered liable.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
Three things are forbidden to a nazirite: ritual defilement, shaving, and products of the vine. This section provides an overview of what is forbidden to the nazirite. Note that the prohibition of ritual defilement refers only to defilement contracted from dead bodies, and not other forms of defilement.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nazir
All products of the vine join together [to add up to a minimum measure], and he is not liable until he eats an olive’s worth of grapes. According to the earlier mishnah, until he drinks a quarter [of a log] of wine. Rabbi Akiba says: even if he soaked his bread in wine and it is enough to make an olive’s worth he is liable. As with most halakhot, the rabbis give a minimum measure beyond which a person has transgressed against the Torah. According to our mishnah, a mishnah which can be attributed to Rabbi Akiba, as we shall see below, a person is liable once he has eaten an olive’s worth of grapes. This olive’s worth can be composed of any grape products: juices, skins and seeds. In contrast, according to the earlier mishnah, he is not obligated unless he drinks a quarter log of wine, an amount that is about an eighth of a liter (a little less than one-third of a soda can). Rabbi Akiba disagrees with the earlier mishnah and holds that the minimum measure is an olive’s worth, an amount smaller than a quarter of a log. He also holds that if the wine is soaked up by something which is permitted to eat, then if together they add up to an olive’s worth, he is liable. So if the bread and wine together are an olive’s worth he is liable.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
והיוצא מן הגפן – as for example, moist/fresh and dry grapes, the exterior and interior [of grapes] combine to make olive’s bulk to be flogged for them [by violating consumption of these things].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
אינו חייב עד שיאכל מן הענבים כזית – and the same law applies regarding the measure for drinking up to an olive’s bulk for since it is written (Numbers 6:3): “nor eat fresh or dried,” we derive from it – just as “eating” is up to an olive’s bulk, so also, “drinking” is up to an olive’s bulk.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
משנה ראשונה עד שישתה רביעית יין – but the earlier version of the Mishnah is the opposite as we learn that we derive “eating” from “drinking” for the measure of ‘drinking” for a Nazirite [that is prohibited] is a Revi’it/one-quarter of a LOG (i.e., a LOG equals the volume of six eggs or a bottom of two fingers by two with the height of one and five-sixth of a finger) that we derive from [the analogy of] (Leviticus 10:9): “Drink no wine or other intoxicant, [you and your sons] שכר\שכר (Numbers 6:3): “he shall not drink vinegar of wine or of any other intoxicant,” from the Temple (see Leviticus 10:9 above). And just as the measurement of the prohibition of “drinking,” is one-quarter of a LOG, so also, the measurement of [prohibited] eating is one-quarter of a LOG.”
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nazir
אפילו שרה פתו ביין ויש בה כדי לצרף כזית חייב – for Rabbi Akiva holds that the measurement of prohibition for a Nazirite whether in regard to “eating,” or “drinking,” is [the equivalent] of an olive’s bulk [collectively], and the permitted combines with that which is prohibited to complete up to the [obligated] measure, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Akiva.
