Le rabbin Yose dit: Deux mikvaot [rassemblements d'eau recueillis par des moyens naturels et immergés à des fins de purification] qui ne [chacun] contiennent pas quarante se'ah [une mesure spécifique de volume], et qui un journal [une mesure spécifique de volume] et demi [des eaux tirées] sont tombées dans celui-ci, et un rondin et demi dans celui-là, et ils [les deux mikvaot ] se sont mélangés ensemble, ils sont valables, puisqu'ils n'ont jamais reçu de titre d'invalidité [c'est-à-dire indépendamment, chacun était considéré comme valide par la loi]. Mais un mikvé qui ne contient pas quarante se'ah , dans lequel sont tombés trois rondins [d'eaux tirées], et a ensuite été divisé en deux, il est invalide, car il a reçu un titre d'invalidité [puisque trois journaux d'eaux tirées invalident un mikvé contenant moins de quarante se'ah d'eaux valides]. Et Rabbi Yehoshua le considère valide, car Rabbi Yehoshua dirait: Tout mikvé qui ne contient pas quarante se'ah [d'eaux valides], si trois rondins [d'eaux tirées] y tombaient, et il [alors] devenait manquant même d'un kortov [Une mesure de volume minute], il est valide [lorsque suffisamment d'eau valide est ajoutée], car il manque [une partie des] trois log . Et les Sages disent: il est pour toujours dans son état invalide, jusqu'à ce que sa plénitude et quelques autres s'en écartent [c'est-à-dire qu'il faudrait qu'il lui manque la quantité d'eau qu'il contenait avant que les eaux tirées ne soient ajoutées, plus un peu plus, pour pour être considéré comme valide].
Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
רבי יוסי אומר. ולזה לוג ומחצה ונתערבו – And behold there are three LOG of drawn water that invalidate the Mikveh, nevertheless, they are kosher/fit.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
Rabbi Yose says: two mikvehs neither of which contains forty seahs and a log and a half [of drawn water] fell into this one and a log and a half into this one, and then they are mixed together, they remain valid, since they had never been called as invalid. But if there is a mikveh holding less than forty seahs, and three logs [of drawn water] fell into it, and it was then divided into two, it is invalid, since it had already been called invalid. According to Rabbi Yose, if the mikveh was never declared invalid because a full three logs of drawn water fell in at one time, then it remains valid even if it turns out that there are three logs of drawn water in it. This is what occurs in the first scenario. The opposite is true in the second scenario. Even though the mikveh was split into two and now in each mikveh there are less than three logs of drawn water, since it was originally declared invalid, both mikvaot remain invalid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
שלא נקרא עלהים שם פסול – that if they add kosher water (i.e., rainwater, for example) in all of them until the completion of the measurement of the Mikveh, that each one of them was kosher.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
Rabbi Joshua declares it valid, for Rabbi Joshua used to say: any mikveh containing less than forty seahs into which three logs [of drawn water] fell and from which a kortov was withdrawn becomes valid, since the three logs have also been diminished. Rabbi Joshua says that both mikvaot are valid because neither mikveh now contains three logs of drawn water. This matches his general opinion that a mikveh into which exactly three logs of drawn water have been put can be made valid by removal of even a kortov, 1/64 of a log of water. Since this tiny bit of water will have some drawn water mixed in with it, there will now be less than three logs of drawn water in the mikveh. Therefore it is valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
ונחלק לשנים – and they added to each one of them kosher water until there is in each one of them according to the measurement of the Mikveh (i.e., forty Seah).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
But the sages say: it always remains invalid until the amount of its former contents and a little more are removed. The other sages disagree with Rabbi Joshua. They hold that once a mikveh is disqualified because it has three logs of drawn water it cannot be made valid until an amount equal to and a little bit more than its original contents (the amount that was in it before the three logs were put in) is removed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
פסול – each one of them.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
וחסר אפילו קרטוב – after three contracted/squeezed in LOGS of drawn water fell in it that was missing even a Kartuv (i.e., a small liquid measure equivalent to 1/64th of a LOG) of water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
כשר – [it is kosher/fit] to add upon it water to complete it for the measurement of a Mikveh/ritual bath. It is impossible that with this one that is lacking is not missing a little bit from the three LOGS, and it is found that there weren’t three LOGS of drawn water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
קרטוב – 1/64th of a LOG.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
עד שיצא ממנו מלואו – that water that was in it initially when the three LOGS of drawn water fell in.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
ועוד –a bit more in order to omit/lessen from the three LOGS [of drawn water]. As for example, a Mikveh which had in it twenty Seah of kosher water and three LOGS of drawn water fell into it and it was filled up afterwards with rain water, it will always be in its status of invalidity/unfitness until he removes from it the twenty Seah that were there initially, and a little bit more, to omit three LOGS [of drawn water].
