Commentaire sur Houlin 12:4
הַנּוֹטֵל אֵם עַל הַבָּנִים, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, לוֹקֶה וְאֵינוֹ מְשַׁלֵּחַ. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, מְשַׁלֵּחַ וְאֵינוֹ לוֹקֶה. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כָּל מִצְוַת לֹא תַעֲשֶׂה שֶׁיֶּשׁ בָּהּ קוּם עֲשֵׂה, אֵין לוֹקִין עָלֶיהָ:
Lorsqu'une personne a enlevé la mère et les jeunes oiseaux du nid, elle doit, selon R. Jehudah, subir le châtiment des meurtrissures, mais elle n'est pas obligée de laisser la mère s'envoler; mais les sages soutiennent, "qu'il est tenu de la laisser voler, mais qu'il est libre de la punition." Car c'est la règle: «Pour la transgression d'un précepte négatif, qui peut être rectifiée par un acte, aucune punition ne doit être infligée lorsque cet acte de rectification a été accompli».
Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
לקה ואינו משלח – even though this Is a prohibition that after its violation is transformed into a positive commandment, flogging is not administered. Here this is the reason, as Rabbi Yehuda holds that sending away is implied from the outset, but what are you able to do when you find the nest? You send away the mother bird, and there is not here a negative prohibition that after its violation is transformed into a positive commandment, but rather, you have violated a positive commandment and a negative commandment, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
If one took the mother with the young: Rabbi Judah says: he has incurred [forty] lashes and he need not now let her go. But the sages say: he must let her go, and he does not incur lashes. The Torah prohibits taking the mother bird, but then says that one should send the mother away. The question is: can one remedy the prohibition by performing the positive aspect of the commandment? Rabbi Judah says that once he has taken the mother, he has irrevocably transgressed the commandment. There are two implications: 1) he has incurred the punishment for transgressing a negative commandment (lashes); 2) he need not send the mother away, because there is no longer any commandment to do so. The other sages disagree. They hold that the transgression may be fixed by sending the mother away. Since when he transgresses there is the potential to fix the problem, one can never incur a punishment for transgressing such a type of commandment.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
אין לוקין עליה – if he fulfilled the positive commandment that is in it, but if he did not fulfill the positive commandment, such as when one takes the mother from the fledglings and slaughters it, it dies while under his control, he is flogged.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
This is the general rule: [For the transgression of] any negative commandment which has of a remedy by the subsequent fulfillment of a positive commandment one does not incur lashes. This is the general rule. If there is a negative commandment that can be remedied by performing a positive commandment, then one cannot receive lashes for transgressing the negative commandment.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy