Si quelqu'un apporte des pichets de vin d'un endroit à l'autre [dans le tchum] (sur yom tov), il ne doit pas les apporter [en plaçant deux ou trois pichets] dans un panier ou un récipient [et en les portant; car cela donne l'apparence d'une activité en semaine. S'il n'a pas d'autre recours, cependant, il est permis.], Mais il les apporte [en plaçant un ou deux pichets] sur son épaule [ce qui donne l'impression qu'il en a besoin pour yom tov] ou devant lui [dans sa main] . De même, si l'on apporte de la paille [pour du bois d'allumage ou pour une bête], il ne doit pas baisser le récipient derrière lui, [ce qui donne l'apparence d'une activité de semaine], mais il doit l'apporter dans sa main. Et on est autorisé à commencer [à prendre] à partir d'un tas de paille, [même s'il ne l'avait pas préparé avant yom tov et n'était pas habitué à l'utiliser pour le petit bois, muktzeh n'obtenant pas selon cette tanna], mais pas du bois dans le muktzeh. [L'espace derrière les maisons est appelé le "muktzeh" car il est "enlevé" et non fréquenté. Le terme «bois» désigne ici les grandes poutres de cèdre utilisées dans la construction, qui, étant coûteuses, sont des «muktzeh» en raison d'une perte monétaire [(la perte qu'implique son utilisation à une fin autre que celle pour laquelle elle était destinée). Et en cela, même R. Shimon, selon lequel muktzeh n'obtient pas, est d'accord.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
מביא. ממקום למקום – within the [Sabbath] boundary limits.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Introduction
Even though carrying is allowed on Yom Tov, he should not carry things the same way that he carries things during the week because this makes it look like “business as usual.”
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
לא יביאם וכו' – to place three or four jugs within a basket or a hamper and carry them, because it appears like a weekday activity to carry burdens. But if it is impossible to make a change, it is permissible.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
One who carries jars of wine from place to place, he may not carry them in a basket or in a large basket, but he may carry [them] on his shoulder or in front of him. It is permitted to carry jars of wine from place to place on Yom Tov, as long as one is within the Shabbat border limit. However, when carrying them he should not carry them in the same manner that he does during the week (non-Yom Tov). What he should do is carry them with his hands on his shoulder or in front of him, held against his body. This looks less like he is delivering merchandise and more like he is just bringing wine to a friend’s house.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
אבל מביא הוא על כתפו – one or two for it proves that it is for the needs of the Festival day.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Similarly, one who brings straw, he may no drape a large basket over his back, rather he must carry it in his hand. Basically, the same holds true for carrying straw used for lighting a fire or for animal feed.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
או לפניו – in his hand.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
And one may start [using] a heap of straw, but [one may] not [start using wood] from the back-yard. This third section deals with the concept of muktzeh something is prohibited if it was not designated for use on Yom Tov. He may use the heap of straw even though he did not specifically designate it and has never used that heap before. This is because heaps of straw are automatically set aside for use and do not require any special and intentional designation that they will be used on Yom Tov. In contrast, wood which is in the backyard is not necessarily designated to be used for something that can be done on Yom Tov and one cannot begin to use from that wood on Yom Tov. Indeed, the Hebrew word in this mishnah for backyard is muktzeh because in that area one sets aside things that one doesn’t have a specific intention to use (for those of you learning modern Hebrew, muktzeh is most definitely not a word for backyard.)
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
וכן המוליך את התבן – for burning or for the cattle.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
לא יפשיל קופה לאחוריו – for it appears like a weekday activity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
ומתחילין בערמת התבן – even though he had not ordered it while it is was still daytime (before the start of the holiday) and he was not accustomed to burn with it, for this Tanna does not have the concept of Muktzeh/storage hut.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
אבל לא בעצים [שבמוקצה] – something wide at the back of the homes is called Muktzeh (a space back of the dwelling containing stored up wood, cattle in sheds, etc.), on account that it is set aside in back and one does not go in and come out of there frequently. And this wood that we are speaking of here, are large beams of cedar set aside for construction, and regarded as an item set aside due to monetary loss, as they are expensive. For in this case, even Rabbi Shimon, who is not of the opinion that there is a prohibition of muktze, concedes.
