Beth Shammai dit: [Festival] des offrandes de paix peuvent être apportées [de yom tov], car elles sont destinées à la consommation humaine; mais s'michah (le placement des mains sur la tête de l'offrande) ne peut pas être exécuté (on yom tov), s'michah étant interdit en raison de shvuth ("repos" du travail sur yom tov). Car il s'appuie dessus de toutes ses forces, de sorte que c'est comme s'il se servait d'un animal (sur yom tov). Mais s'michah est joué à la veille du festival, Beth Shammai ne soutenant pas que s'michah doit immédiatement précéder l'abattage.] Cependant, les offrandes brûlées ne sont pas (à apporter sur yom tov) [sauf la temidin et le moussafin, qui sont des offrandes de la congrégation et dont le temps est fixe. Mais on ne peut pas apporter d'holocauste individuels, car ils ne sont pas destinés à la consommation humaine. Et même les oloth re'iah (holocaustes de «visitation») sont sacrifiés les autres jours (intermédiaires) de la fête, mais pas le jour même, l'Écriture déclarant (Nombres 29:39): «Une assemblée solennelle y sera être pour vous"—pour vous, mais pas pour le Très-Haut.] Et Beth Hillel dit: Il est permis d'apporter des offrandes de paix et des holocaustes et de faire s'michah sur eux. [Festival des offrandes de paix et des holocaustes sont apportés, il est écrit (Deutéronome 16: 8): "une assemblée solennelle pour le L rd"—tout ce qui est pour le L rd. Mais tous conviennent que les offrandes de vœux et les offrandes de cadeaux ne sont pas offertes lors d'un festival, ni les offrandes brûlées ni les offrandes de paix.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
מביאין שלמים – on Yom Tov/the Festival day, holiday peace-offerings, because there’re is through them the need for consumption by a person.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Introduction
This mishnah deals with bringing certain sacrifices on Yom Tov and laying one’s hands upon them (see Leviticus 3:2).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
ואין סומכין עליהם – for laying of hands upon them is prohibited because of the rabbinic decree to enhance the character of the day as a day of rest, for he would lay his hands with all of his strength and he would be making use of animals, for he lays his hands on them on the Eve of the Festival day, for the School of Shammai does not hold by the rule that immediately after the lay of hands comes the slaughtering [of the animal] (see Mishnah Menahot, Chapter 9, Mishnah 8 at the conclusion).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Bet Shammai says: one may bring peace-offerings [on Yom Tov] but may not lay [hands] upon them, but one may not bring burnt-offerings [on Yom Tov]. One of the sacrifices which a person would bring on Yom Tov was a peace-offering. Part of the sacrifice would be offered on the altar, part would be eaten by the priests and part would be eaten by those who brought the sacrifice. Since this sacrifice is eaten, Bet Shammai allows one to offer it on Yom Tov. As we have learned before one is allowed to prepare food on Yom Tov, and this includes offering edible sacrifices. However, Bet Shammai holds that one cannot lay his hands on the sacrifice because leaning on an animal is considered using the animal and this is prohibited on Yom Tov. Bet Shammai holds that the laying of the hands must be done the day before. Furthermore, Bet Shammai does not allow the sacrifice of burnt-offerings on Yom Tov, because burnt offerings are completely consumed on the altar. Since they are not eaten they cannot be offered. One who wants to bring a burnt-offering would have to do so on Hol Hamoed, the intermediate days of the festival.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
אבל לא עולות – outside of the daily whole-offerings and Musaf/additional offerings which are a community sacrifice at a fixed time. But one should not bring an individual whole burnt-offering which cannot be consumed by a commoner (i.e., non-Kohen). But even the burnt-offerings for appearing [during the Festival in the Temple]are offered on the other days of the Festival, but not on the Festival day/Yom Tov, for the All-Merciful stated (Numbers 29:35): “[On the eight day] you shall hold a solemn gathering,” for you, but not for Most-High.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Beitzah
Bet Hillel says: one may bring peace-offerings and burnt-offerings and also lay hands upon them. Bet Hillel allows the laying of the hands on the animal since this is part of the sacrificial process. The Talmud also explains that according to Bet Hillel the laying of the hands must be done right before it is offered, and therefore he could not do it before Yom Tov. Bet Hillel also allows burnt offerings to be brought even though they are not eaten, since they are brought in fulfillment of the commandments of the festival.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Beitzah
וב"ה אומרים – one brings festival peace offerings and whole burnt offerings for appearance [in the Temple], as it is written (Deuteronomy 16:8): “[After eating unleavened bread for six days,] you shall hold a solemn gathering for the LORD] your God on the seventh day…,” everything is for God. But vows and free-will donations, according to everyone are not offered on the Festival, neither whole burnt-offerings or peace-offerings.
