זֵיתִים מֵאֵימָתַי מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה. מִשֶּׁיַּזִּיעוּ זֵעַת הַמַּעֲטָן, אֲבָל לֹא זֵעַת הַקֻּפָּה, כְּדִבְרֵי בֵית שַׁמָּאי. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, שִׁעוּר זֵעָה שְׁלשָׁה יָמִים. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, מִשֶּׁיִּתְחַבְּרוּ שְׁלשָׁה זֶה לָזֶה. רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, מִשֶּׁתִּגָּמֵר מְלַאכְתָּן. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים כִּדְבָרָיו:
¿Comenzando cuando las aceitunas pueden volverse impuras [al prepararse para la impureza con un líquido]? Una vez que sudan humedad en la cuba [en la que se colocan las aceitunas para que se ablanden al presionarlas], pero no por la humedad en la cesta [en la que se colocan después de ser recogidas], según Beit Shammai. El rabino Shimon dice: la medida del sudor es de tres días [es decir, la humedad que sudan las aceitunas mientras están en el tanque no las prepara para la impureza hasta que hayan estado allí durante tres días]. Beit Hillel dice: cuando [se ablandan de tal manera que] tres se conectan entre sí [solo entonces la humedad que emerge de ellos los prepara para la impureza]. Rabban Gamliel dice: una vez que su trabajo haya terminado [es decir, una vez que no se agreguen más aceitunas al tanque y estén listas para ser llevadas a la prensa de aceitunas]; y los Sabios dicen de acuerdo con él.
Tosefta Chullin
The airspace above an earthenware vessel is impure and its outer side is pure, [while] the airspace above all [other] vessels is pure and their outer side is impure (Hul. 24b:11), and consequently it is said (Hul. 1:6), "What is pure in an earthenware vessel is impure in all [other] vessels, and what is impure [Vienna Man., "pure"] in all [other] vessels is pure [Vienna Man., "impure"] in an earthenware vessel." Flat wooden vessels are pure, and unformed [wooden vessels] are impure, [while] flat metal vessels are impure, and unformed [metal vessels] are pure, and consequently it is said (Hul. 1:6), "[What is] pure in a wooden vessel is impure in a metal vessel, [and what is] pure in a metal vessel is impure in a wood vessel." And one who brings chests and ovens, basins, and earthenware [vessels] from outside the Land [of Israel]: Before they are fired, [vessels are deemed] impure because they were [produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations, except that [they are deemed] pure if they are earthenware vessels, [but] once they have been fired, [vessels are deemed] impure if they are earthenware vessels, and [all other vessels are deemed] pure because they were [produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations, and consequently it is said, "Whenever [vessels are deemed] impure by virtue of [being produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations, [they are deemed ] pure by virtue of being earthenware vessels, and whenever [vessels are deemed] impure by virtue of being earthenware vessels, they are [deemed] pure by virtue of [being produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations." Olives are impure when dry and pure when wet (per MS Vienna, but see Toh. 9:1), [but olive] pits are impure when wet and pure when dry, and consequently it is said, "[What is] pure when dry is impure when wet, [and what is] pure when wet is impure when dry." Bitter almonds: The small ones are liable [for tithing], and the large ones are exempt. And sweet [almonds]: The large ones are liable and the small ones are exempt, and consequently it is said (Hul. 1:6), "[What is] liable in bitter almonds is exempt in sweet [almonds], [and what is] liable in sweet [almonds] is exempt in bitter [almonds]. "
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