וְאֵיזֶהוּ הַמָּשִׁיחַ, הַמָּשׁוּחַ בְּשֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה, לֹא הַמְרֻבֶּה בִבְגָדִים. אֵין בֵּין כֹּהֵן הַמָּשׁוּחַ בְּשֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה לִמְרֻבֶּה בְגָדִים אֶלָּא פַר הַבָּא עַל כָּל הַמִּצְוֹת. וְאֵין בֵּין כֹּהֵן מְשַׁמֵּשׁ לְכֹהֵן שֶׁעָבַר, אֶלָּא פַר יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים וַעֲשִׂירִית הָאֵיפָה. זֶה וָזֶה שָׁוִין בַּעֲבוֹדַת יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים, וּמְצֻוִּין עַל הַבְּתוּלָה, וַאֲסוּרִין עַל הָאַלְמָנָה, וְאֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין בִּקְרוֹבֵיהֶן, וְלֹא פוֹרְעִין, וְלֹא פוֹרְמִין, וּמַחֲזִירִין אֶת הָרוֹצֵחַ:
¿Quién es "el ungido"? El que está ungido con el aceite de la unción, no el de las muchas prendas. [Después de que se secretara el frasco de aceite de la unción, el sumo sacerdote entraría en el sumo sacerdocio poniéndose ocho prendas, a saber. (Levítico 21:10): "... y quién ha invertido para usar las prendas".] No hay diferencia entre el sacerdote ungido (sumo) y el sacerdote con muchas vestimentas, sino el becerro que se ofrece para todas las mitzvoth. , [el sacerdote con muchas vestimentas que no ofrece un becerro por sus pecados involuntarios, está escrito (en ese sentido) "el sacerdote ungido". Y no hay diferencia entre el oficiante (sumo sacerdote) y el depuesto (sumo sacerdote) pero el becerro de Yom Kippur y la décima parte del efá (que solo ofrece el sumo sacerdote oficiante). Y ambos son iguales en el servicio de Yom Kippur. [El servicio del día es kasher solo con el sumo sacerdote solo, y el sumo sacerdote oficiante y el sumo sacerdote depuesto son iguales en ese sentido.] Y a ambos se les ordena (solo casarse) una virgen, y ellos se les prohíbe (casarse) una viuda, y no se les permite hacerse tamei para sus parientes (fallecidos), y no se les permite dejarse el pelo largo o rasgar su ropa, [está escrito con respecto a la sumo sacerdote (Ibid.): "Su cabello no le crecerá mucho y su ropa no se rasgará"], y devuelven al asesino (involuntario). [Si uno de ellos muere, el asesino regresa de su ciudad de refugio, como está escrito (Números 35:25): "hasta la muerte del sumo sacerdote"].
Tosefta Horayot
These are the differences between the High Priest and a common priest: The bull that is offered for [the inadvertent transgression of] any commandment, and the bull brought on Yom Kippur, and the tenth of the ephah (Hor. 3:4). [The High Priest does not] grow his hair long [when in mourning] and [he] does not rend his garments [in the way that ordinary mourners do]. But [the High Priest] rends his garments from below [when in mourning], and the common priest [rends his garments] from above. [The High Priest] is not rendered impure by the death of his close relatives; and he is commanded to marry a virgin; and his is forbidden to marry a widow; and [his death permits] the return of the [accidental] killer [from a city of refuge], and he may sacrifice [when he is] an onen (a mourner on the first day of mourning, before the burial), but he may not eat from sacrifices or take a portion of them [on that day]; and he has the first [right] to sacrifice; and he takes his portion [of the sacrifice] first; and all the services performed on Yom Kippur are not valid unless [performed] by him; and he is exempt from [bringing an offering for inadvertently rendering] impure the Temple or the sacred utensils. And all of these (i.e., the aforementioned list) are conducted by a former [High Priests wearing] many vestments [and not only to High Priests who were anointed, who served during the First Temple period]; except as to the bull offered for [the inadvertent transgression of] any commandment, and none of them apply to an anointed [High Priest] for war, except for the five things that were explained, as written in the chapter [on the High Priest, Lev. 21:10-15]: he does not let his hair grow long [when in mourning]; he does not rend [his garments in the way that ordinary mourners do]; he is not rendered impure by the death of his close relatives; and he is commanded to marry a virgin; and his is forbidden to marry a widow; and [his death permits] the return of the [accidental] killer [from a city of refuge], the words of Rabbi Meir. And the Sages say, [his death does not permit] the return of the [accidental] killer.
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