¿Qué bendición se hace sobre las frutas? Sobre los frutos del árbol dice: "¿Quién crea el fruto del árbol"?—con la excepción del vino [(por cuya particularidad, le asignaron una bendición especial, como lo hicieron con el pan)], sobre el cual dice: "Quien crea el fruto de la vid". Sobre los frutos de la tierra dice: "¿Quién crea el fruto de la tierra?"—con la excepción del pan, sobre el cual dice: "¿Quién saca el pan de la tierra?" Sobre las verduras dice: "¿Quién crea el fruto de la tierra?" R. Yehudah dice: "Quién crea variedades de herbiage". [Porque hay entre los frutos de la tierra pastos y semillas, como el pulso, y R. Yehudah requiere una bendición distintiva para cada especie. La halajá no está de acuerdo con R. Yehudah. En cuanto a nuestro aprendizaje de que uno dice "Quién crea el fruto de la tierra" para las verduras, esto se aplica a las verduras que generalmente se comen crudas y se comen crudas, o que generalmente se cocinan y se comen cocidas. Pero para aquellos que generalmente se comen crudos y se comen cocidos, o que generalmente se comen cocidos y se comen crudos, solo dice "shehakol". Y para las verduras que se comen crudas o cocidas, uno dice "¿Quién crea el fruto de la tierra" si las come crudas o cocidas?]
Tosefta Berakhot
These are the Berachot (blessings) which are [coined to be] short: One who blesses on fruit, and on mitzvot, the Beracha (blessing) of Zimun, and the last Beracha of Shema. These are the Berachot which are [coined to be] long: the Beracha of Fast Days, and the Beracha of Rosh Hashana, and the Berachot of Yom Kippur. From [the way] a person [says] his Berachot it is recognizable if he a fool or if he is a sage.
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Tosefta Berakhot
These are the Berachot (blessings) which do not seal off with [the phrase] Baruch [Ata Hashem] (Blessed are You Hashem): One that blesses on the fruit, and on the mitzvot, Birkat Hazimun, and the last Beracha in Birkat Hamazon. Rebbi Yossi Hagelili used to seal off the last Beracha in Birkat Hamazon and [therefore] make it long.
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Tosefta Berakhot
On seeds he says [the Beracha (blessing)] Borei Minei Zerayim (Who created different types of seeds), and on herbs he says [the Beracha] Borei Minei Deshaim (Who created different types of herbs), and on vegetables he says [the Beracha] Borei Pri Haadama (Who created the fruit of the ground). Rebbi Yehudah says “[on vegetables he makes the Beracha] Baruch Matzmiach Haadama Bidvaro (Blessed upon whose word the ground produces growths).” Rebbi Meir says, “even [if] he saw bread and he said ‘Blessed be the One Who created this bread, how nice this bread is,’ that is its Beracha. Even [if] he saw figs and he said ‘Blessed be the One Who created these figs, how nice they are,’ that is their Beracha.” Rebbi Yossi says, “Anyone who changes [the official text] of Berachot from what the Rabbis have coined, does not fulfill his obligation [of saying the Beracha].” Rebbi Yehudah says, “Any [type of food] that has been changed from its original form (like bread which used to be wheat or wine which used to be grapes), [if] he changed its Beracha [to the Beracha of the food in its original form], he has fulfilled his obligation [of saying the Beracha].”
