Si uno hace su succah entre los árboles, los árboles que sirven como paredes para ello, es kasher. [Esto, a condición de que los árboles sean gruesos y fuertes y no se balanceen de un lado a otro en un viento normal. Y también debe llenar los espacios entre las ramas con paja para que el viento no las mueva. Para cualquier partición que no pueda resistir un viento normal no es una partición.] Los "Mensajeros de una mitzvá" están exentos de (la mitzvá de) succah. [Para quien está ocupado con una mitzvá está exento de una mitzvá (diferente). Y no solo cuando está involucrado en el desempeño de la mitzvá, sino incluso cuando no está comprometido de esta manera, por ejemplo, como cuando está en camino para recibir a su rabino o redimir cautivos. Está exento incluso mientras descansa (en el camino).] Aquellos que están enfermos y sus asistentes están exentos de succah, [incluso aquellos que están ligeramente enfermos. La razón para el incumplimiento de un mandamiento positivo de la Torá debido a una enfermedad leve, o debido a la incomodidad causada por los malos olores o chinches o pulgas, en cuyo caso uno está exento (de la mitzvá de la succah), así como Los viajeros que exigen a los rabinos y los cuidadores de jardines y huertos de succah son (Levítico 23:42): "En succoth te sentarás", similar a "habitarás". Por alguna razón, uno dejaría su vivienda, también puede dejar su succah. Pero si uno hace su succah ab initio en un lugar donde está obligado a comer o dormir incómodo, como en un lugar donde tiene miedo de ser robado mientras duerme, incluso si no tiene miedo de ladrones o ladrones Mientras comé—él no cumple con su obligación de succah incluso cuando come, ya que la succah no satisface todas sus necesidades: comer, beber y dormir. Porque "habitarás" debe satisfacerse, y tal succah no lo satisface.] Está permitido comer y beber "casualmente" fuera de la succah [un refrigerio para aliviar el hambre de uno, con la intención de comer una comida regular ( en la succah) después]
Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah
והאילנות דפנות לה כשירה – and this is the case where the trees are thick and strong and don’t move when a frequent wind comes. And it is also necessary to fill between the branches with straw and stubble so that wind will not move them, and all partitions that cannot stand with frequent wind is not a partition.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sukkah
Introduction
The first section of this mishnah continues to discuss walls used as trees for the sukkah.
The second section begins to discuss a new topic: when a person is obligated to be in the sukkah and what a person is obligated to do there. This will be the topic of the remainder of the chapter of the mishnah. Up until now all of the discussions have been about the structure of the sukkah itself.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah
שלוחי מצוה פטורים – for someone who engages with [the performance of] a commandment/Mitzvah is exempt from the Commandment, and not only are they exempt at the time that they are engaged with [another] Mitzvah, but even at a time when they are not engaged in it, for example, a person who goes to receive and welcome his teacher or to redeem captives is exempt, even at the time of his resting.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sukkah
If one makes his sukkah between trees, so that the trees form its walls, it is valid. In this case a person uses a tree for all of the sukkah’s walls, not as support for the walls but rather as the walls themselves. This might easily happen if there were some bushy trees that could block him on at least three sides. He supports the skhakh with poles and not with the trees. The sukkah is valid and he may even use it on the festival, since the sukkah is not actually resting on the trees.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah
חולין ומשמשיהן פטורים – and even those who are simply sick, and he who permits to annual a positive commandment of the Torah because of a mere illness, and is pained because of bad smell or because of bed-bugs and fleas where he is exempt, and similarly, those who walk on the path and those who guard the gardens and orchards, the Rabbis exempted them from the Sukkah, the reason is because it is written (Leviticus 23:42): “You shall live/dwell in booths [seven days; all the citizens of Israel shall live in booths],” like the way you live, and wherever there is a thing that because of that, he would leave from his dwelling, he can also leave from his Sukkah. But one who makes his Sukkah from the outset in a place that is appropriate to be in pain while eating or sleeping, such as in a place where he is afraid of robbers while sleeping, but he is not afraid of thieves or robbers while eating, even regarding eating, he does not fulfill his obligation in that Sukkah, for since it is not appropriate to do within it all of his needs of eating and drinking and sleeping, for we require where he can reside, and this is a case where it is not like “living/residing.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sukkah
Those who are agents to perform a mitzvah are exempt from [the obligations of] sukkah. People who are busy performing a mitzvah and find it difficult to eat or sleep in a sukkah are exempt from the sukkah. This is due to the general rule that one who is engaged in one mitzvah is exempt from performing another mitzvah. However, this is only true if by eating or sleeping in the sukkah he would be unable or distracted from performing the other mitzvah he set out to perform. If he could perform both at the same time, then he must do so.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah
אוכלים ושותים עראי – a small amount to remove his hunger, and his intention is to eat a meal afterwards.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sukkah
People who are sick and their attendants are exempt from [the obligations of] sukkah. People who are sick enough so that being in the sukkah would be a discomfort for them, are not obligated for the laws of the sukkah. Being in the sukkah is not supposed to be painful and therefore, one who would be pained by being in the sukkah is exempt. Note, that the mishnah is not addressed to those who might “fake” being sick in order to get out of sleeping or eating in the sukkah. It is addressed to those who are so zealous about keeping the commandments that they would risk injury or at least illness to do so. The rabbis tell such a person to get out of the sukkah the sukkah is not supposed to cause one pain.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sukkah
One may eat and drink casually outside the sukkah. Meals must be eaten in the sukkah. However, snacking may be done outside of the sukkah. According to the Rambam, while one can snack outside of the sukkah, one who strives to only eat and drink in the sukkah is praiseworthy.
