Si uno le dijo a una mujer: "Estás comprometida conmigo con la condición de que hable en tu nombre ante las autoridades" o: "con la condición de que trabaje para ti como trabajadora" [el trabajo de un día. No es que la prometiera con el salario de trabajar. Ya que se dictamina que (el salario para) la mano de obra contratada se calcula desde el principio (de la mano de obra) hasta el final, se descubre que cuando termina su trabajo, su salario es un préstamo para ella, y si uno desposa a una mujer con un préstamo, no está comprometida. Más bien, él la compromete ahora con un p'rutah con la condición de que trabaje para ella después como trabajadora.]—si él habló en su nombre a las autoridades, o trabajó para ella como trabajadora, ella está comprometida. Si no, ella no está comprometida. "Con la condición de que mi padre consienta"—si su padre consintió, ella está comprometida; si no, ella no está comprometida. [La gemara explica ("que mi padre consiente") como: "que mi padre no protesta", y se estipula un período para tal protesta, como cuando él le dice: "con la condición de que mi padre no proteste dentro de treinta días". " Por lo tanto, si su padre consintió, es decir, si pasaron treinta días sin protestar, ella está comprometida. Si no dio su consentimiento, es decir, si protestó dentro de treinta días, ella no está comprometida.] Si el padre murió [dentro de treinta días], ella está comprometida, [porque decimos: "¿Quién protestará?"] Si el hijo murió [dentro de treinta días], el padre tiene instrucciones de decir que no da su consentimiento, [para que ella no se enamore de yibum].
Bartenura on Mishnah Kiddushin
ואעשה עמך כפועל – with the labor of one day [as the betrothal monies], and not that he is betrothing her with the salary of the work for since we hold that there regarding hiring there is from the beginning to the end, hence it is found that when he completes his work, his hire is like a loan to her, and one who betroths with a loan is not betrothed, but he betroths her now with a Perutah/penny , on the condition that afterward, he will act with her like a [day] laborer.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kiddushin
Introduction
The first section of the mishnah teaches that a man may stipulate that his betrothal to a woman is contingent upon his performing for her a certain favor.
The second section of the mishnah discusses a man who makes his betrothal contingent upon his father’s approval.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kiddushin
ע"מ שירצה אבא – In the Gemara (Kiddushin 63b), it explains that the father will not protest, and when they established the time for his protest, such as if he (i.e. the potential husband) said if the father will not protest all thirty days. Therefore, the father desired it, if the thirty days passed and he did not protest, then she is betrothed. If he didn’t want it (i.e., the betrothal to take place), that he protested within the thirty day [period], she is not betrothed.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kiddushin
If he says to a woman, “Behold you are betrothed to me on condition that I speak to the government on your behalf”, or “That I work for you as a laborer”, if he speaks to the government on her behalf or works for her as a laborer, she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed. This mishnah is fairly straightforward. We should note that the favor is not the money for kiddushin itself. Rather it is a condition upon which the betrothal is contingent. In addition to the act which he must perform, according to halakhah he would also need to give her money to effect the kiddushin.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kiddushin
מת האב – within the thirty day [period], she is betrothed, for as we said, who is protesting?
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kiddushin
[If he says,] “[Behold you are betrothed to me] on condition that [my] father consents,” if his father consents, she is betrothed; if not, she is not betrothed. If his father dies, she is betrothed; if the son dies, the father is instructed to say that he does not consent. The first part of this section is straightforward. Slightly more complicated is the second part. If the father dies, he cannot consent to the betrothal. Nevertheless, the mishnah rules that she is betrothed. The assumption is that when the man said “on condition that my father consents” he really meant to say, “on condition that my father does not disapprove.” Since after his death the father cannot disapprove, the betrothal is valid. If the son dies, the mishnah finds a convenient way for the woman to avoid the need for yibbum (levirate marriage to her husband’s brother). The court would instruct the father to state that he did not approve of the marriage and he would thereby annul the betrothal. If the betrothal was annulled, the woman would not be liable for yibbum.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kiddushin
מת הבן – within the thirty day [period], we teach the father that he should protest so that she would not be in need of her brother-in-law (i.e., the husband’s brother – in the case of his dying without issue, enters his estate and marries his wife).
