Atzereth (es decir, Shavuoth) que se cae en la víspera del sábado —el día de su sacrificio es después del Shabat [es decir, el día del sacrificio del holocausto de "ver" a Yom tov es después del Shabat. Porque no se mata ni en Yom Tov ni en Shabat. Y el "pago" (de la ofrenda) se obtiene con Shavuoth los siete días, como sucede con Pesaj y con Sucot.] Y Beth Hillel dice: No hay día de sacrificio después del Shabat [es decir, no requiere un "día de matanza ", porque está permitido matarla en yom tov. Beth Hillel son consistentes con su decisión de que está permitido traer ofrendas de paz y holocaustos en yom tov. La tanna nos informa aquí que incluso si es imposible hacerlo al día siguiente, como cuando Shavuoth se cae en la víspera del sábado—incluso en tal caso, Beth Shammai sostiene que una ofrenda quemada de "ver" no se sacrifica en iom tov, y se posterga hasta después de Shabat.] Y ambos coinciden en que si Shavuoth se cae en Shabat, el día de la matanza es después del Shabat Y el sumo sacerdote no se viste con [sus vestidos festivos] [en el "día de la matanza" de Shavuoth después del Shabat, sin adornarse ese día para que todos se den cuenta de que no es yom tov. Y el elogio y el ayuno están permitidos ese día, para no corroborar las palabras de aquellos que dicen que Shavuoth viene después del Shabat. [Porque los saduceos dijeron que Shavuoth siempre es posterior al Shabat, está escrito (Levítico 23:15): "Y contarán para ustedes desde el día siguiente del sábado", que interpretaron como el sábado de la creación, para que Shavuoth siempre se caen los domingos.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
יום טבוח –the day of the slaughter of the burnt-offerings of appearance [at the Temple] of the Festival day. לאחר השבת – they are not offered either on the Festival day nor on Shabbat. But [the holiday] of Atzeret/Shavuot has indemnity/payment all seven [days] like Passover and Shavuot.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Introduction
Atzeret (the rabbinic term for the festival of Shavuot) is the only festival that lasts for just one day. Since Bet Shammai holds that the wholly burnt offering brought as the pilgrimage offering cannot be offered on Yom Tov but they agree that this sacrifice must be offered at some point, the question must be asked, when should it be brought.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
וב"ה אומרים אין לה יום טבוח – it does not require the slaughtering and preparation of the pilgrim’s offering, as it is permitted to offer them on the Festival days. As the School of Hillel, according to its reasoning when they state that we bring peace-offerings and burnt offerings on the Festival days, and the Tanna/teacher comes to teach us that even where it is impossible to do it on the morrow, such as the case where Shavuot occurs on Friday, even in this, the School of Shammai states that the burnt-offerings of appearance [at the Temple] are not offered on the Festival day, and they postponed it it until after the Sabbath.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
Atzeret ( which fell on a Friday: Bet Shammai say: the day of the slaughter [of the wholly burnt offerings] is after Shabbat. And Bet Hillel say: the day of the slaughter is not after Shabbat. Since Bet Shammai holds that the wholly burnt offering cannot be brought on Yom Tov itself, they have to posit that there is a “day of the slaughter” that comes the day afterward Atzeret. Bet Hillel says that there is no special “day of the slaughter” because the sacrifice is brought on Atzeret itself.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
אין כהן גדול מתלבש – in his beautiful utensils/raiment, on the day of slaughter and preparation of the pilgrim’s offering of Atzeret/Shavuot that is after the Sabbath, in order that he should not adorn himself on that self-same day, that everyone would understand that this day is not a Festival.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
They agree, however, that if it falls on Shabbat, the day of the slaughter is after Shabbat. If Atzeret falls on Shabbat, then Bet Hillel agrees that the sacrifice is offered the day after because the sacrifice of the hagigah and the pilgrimage wholly burnt offering do not override the prohibition of slaughtering an animal on Shabbat. This is because they can be sacrificed on another day.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chagigah
שלא לקיים דברי האומרים עצרת אחר שבת – for the Sadducees would say that Atzeret/Shavuot always [occurs] after Shabbat, as it is written (Leviticus 23:15): “And from [the day on which you bring the sheaf of elevation offering] – the day after the sabbath, [you shall count off seven weeks. They must be complete],” and they say that “the day after the sabbath” in the beginning [of Passover] and if so, Atzeret/Shavuot will always fall on Sunday.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chagigah
The high priest does not [in that case] put on his [special] garments, and mourning and fasting are permitted, in order not to confirm the view of those who say that Atzeret is after Shabbat. Perhaps the bitterest dispute between the Sadducees and Pharisees was over the date of Atzeret. The Sadducees held that the Omer began to be brought on the day after Shabbat, hence Shavuot would always fall on Sunday, seven weeks later. The Pharisees/rabbis held that the Omer began to be brought on the second day of Pesah, and hence the day of the week of Shavuot would vary from year to year depending upon the day of the week upon which the first day of Pesah fell. We just learned that if Atzeret fell on Shabbat, they would slaughter the wholly-burnt offerings on Sunday. The problem this creates is that people will think that the halakhah is like the Sadducees. To avoid creating this impression, the rabbis distinguished between this day of slaughter and a normal festival in several ways which would have been evident to the public. First of all the high priest would not wear his eight special garments that he normally wears while performing his worship service. Second, mourning and fasting was permitted. People who saw these changes would understand that the only reason that they were offering the sacrifices on Sunday was that they could not be offered on Shabbat. They would not think that the sages were actually postponing Shavuot to Sunday.
