Talmud zu Menachot 10:7
הַחִטִּים וְהַשְּׂעֹרִים וְהַכֻּסְּמִין וְשִׁבֹּלֶת שׁוּעָל וְהַשִּׁיפוֹן חַיָּבִין בַּחַלָּה, וּמִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה, וַאֲסוּרִים בֶּחָדָשׁ מִלִּפְנֵי הַפֶּסַח, וּמִלִּקְצֹר מִלִּפְנֵי הָעֹמֶר. וְאִם הִשְׁרִישׁוּ קֹדֶם לָעֹמֶר, הָעֹמֶר מַתִּירָן. וְאִם לָאו, אֲסוּרִים עַד שֶׁיָּבֹא עֹמֶר הַבָּא:
Weizen, Gerste, Dinkel, Hafer und Roggen sind in Bezug auf Hallah verpflichtet . Und sie kombinieren [um den obligatorischen Mindestbetrag zu bilden]. Es ist ihnen verboten, vor Pesach als neues Getreide gegessen zu werden und vor dem Omer geerntet zu werden . Wenn sie Wurzeln geschlagen hatten, bevor das Omer gebracht wurde, erlaubt ihnen das Omer , und wenn nicht, sind sie verboten, bis das nächste Omer gebracht wird.
Jerusalem Talmud Challah
MISHNAH: Five kinds are subject to ḥallah: wheat, barley, spelt, foxtail, and oats1For the determination of these grains, see Kilaim 1, Notes 2–3. In current practice, שיפון is interpreted as rye, following Rashi. Flour made from these and only these grains qualifies as bread flour. All other flours are cake flours; bread made from them is legally cake.. These are subject to ḥallah and combine with one another2Mixed dough is subject to ḥallah if the volume of flour used is at least that specified in Mishnah 2:6.. They are forbidden as new grain before Passover3Lev. 23:14. and may not be cut before the ‘omer4The ‘omer is the sheaf of barley cut first in the spring harvest and brought to the Temple (Lev. 23:10), in rabbinic interpretation on the second day of Passover, the 16th of Nisan.. If they formed roots before the ‘omer, the ‘omer permits them5While the first harvest is that of barley, all other grains, including wheat, are immediately permitted for profane use. Only for the Temple is new wheat forbidden until the Festival of First Fruits, Lev. 23:16.; otherwise, they are forbidden until the next ‘omer.
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