Man darf Terumah nicht von den Unreinen für die Reinen abbringen . Und wenn er versehentlich die Terumah beiseite legt , ist ihre Terumah [gültige] Terumah . Wenn absichtlich, hat er nichts getan. Und so auch mit einem Leviten, der den Zehnten hatte, von dem Terumah nicht genommen worden war, und fortlaufend [Teile dieses unreinen Zehnten als Terumah anderer Zehnten] bezeichnete: Wenn er versehentlich tat, wird das getan [mit Gültigkeit]. Wenn absichtlich, hat er nichts getan. Rabbi Yehudah sagte, wenn er wüsste, dass es am Anfang [unrein] war, auch wenn er versehentlich [vergessen und bezeichnet] hat, [es ist, als ob] er nichts getan hat.
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
אין תורמין מן הטמא על הטהור – because of the loss to the Kohen [because ritually impure heave-offering is forbidden to the Kohen].
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
This mishnah is the opposite of yesterday’s mishnah. Here we learn what happens if a person tries to give terumah from impure produce for pure produce. Obviously, this is much more problematic, because the impure terumah is far less useful to the kohen.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ואם תרם שוגג תרומתו תרומה – and exactly when it had been fit for use and the season for separating tithes had arrived prior to it becoming ritually impure, because according to the Torah It is perfect heave-offering, but if it he set aside heave-offering, even in advertently, his heave-offering is not a heave-offering.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
They may not give terumah from impure [produce] for that which is pure. One should not give terumah from impure produce on behalf of pure produce.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
מעשר טבל – First Tithe that had not had the Terumah of the tithe taken from it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
If he did give: If unwittingly, the terumah is valid; If intentionally he has done nothing. If, despite the fact that this is prohibited, the person did so anyway, if he did it without knowing what he was doing, the terumah is valid. However, if he did it intentionally, the terumah is not terumah and he must go back and take terumah out again.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
היה מפריש עליו והולך – he would separate from this on the rest of the tithes.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
So too, if a Levite had [unclean] tithe [from which terumah] had not been given, and he gave terumah from this, if unwittingly, the terumah is valid, if intentionally he has done nothing. As I stated in the introduction, a Levite must give terumah from the tithes that he receives. The Levite in our section has a pile of impure tithes and he tries to say that this tithe will be terumah on behalf of other tithes that he has received. The same rules apply here as applied in the case of regular terumah in section two. When it comes to the terumah taken from tithes, one also cannot give impure terumah to exempt pure terumah. However, Albeck notes that in the case of terumah from tithes, the opposite is not true one can give from pure produce for impure produce.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Rabbi Judah says: if he knew of it at the outset, even if done in error, he has done nothing. Rabbi Judah holds that if at some point he knew that the pile of tithes was impure, then even if he later forgot and thought that he was giving terumah from pure produce, his terumah does not count. The fact that he once knew means that he can never again be considered as having given it “accidentally.”
