Ein Mann kann seinen Sohn [in einem Hof] mit einem Stein in der Hand (des Sohnes) [und wir sagen nicht, dass er (der Vater) den Stein trägt] oder einen Korb mit einem Stein darin tragen. [Dies unter der Bedingung, dass sich Früchte im Korb befinden; denn wenn nicht, ist es (der Korb) eine Grundlage für etwas Verbotenes (den Stein), und es ist verboten, es zu tragen. Und es müssen auch solche Früchte darin sein, die, wenn sie zu Boden geworfen werden, verderben, wie Beeren und Trauben und dergleichen. Aber wenn es Früchte wie Nüsse und Mandeln waren, schüttelt er die Früchte (zusammen mit dem Stein) aus. Und bei Früchten, die ebenfalls verderben, wie Beeren und Trauben, ist es verboten, sie mit dem Stein zu tragen, wenn er sie an den Rand des Korbes bewegen und den Stein allein ausschütteln kann. Unsere Mischna spricht von einem Fall, in dem die Seiten oder der Boden des Korbs so stark erodiert sind, dass es unmöglich ist, den Korb ohne den Stein zu benutzen.] Und es ist erlaubt, unreine Terumah zusammen mit sauberer Terumah und Chullin zu tragen ( weltliches Essen), [aber es ist verboten, unreine Terumah alleine zu tragen (am Schabbat)]. R. Yehudah sagt: Meduma (eine Mischung) kann auch mit einhundertein erzogen werden. [Wenn eine Sa'ah von Terumah in hundert Sa'ah von Chullin gefallen ist, ist es erlaubt, die Sa'ah von Terumah am Schabbat von ihnen zu "erziehen", so dass alle Chullin bleiben und Nicht-Cohanim erlaubt sind. Und wir sagen nicht, dass er damit "korrigiert" (am Sabbat); denn wir betrachten Terumah, die in Chullin gefallen ist, als allein liegend und nicht vermischt, so dass, wenn es "erzogen" wird (dh wenn einem Cohein eine Sa'ah von einhundertein gegeben wird, es als ob betrachtet wird Die Terumah selbst, die in sie gefallen ist, wird erzogen, so dass es keine "Korrektur" gibt. Die Halacha stimmt nicht mit R. Yehudah überein.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
נוטל אדם את בנו – in the courtyard and the stone is in his hand, but we don’t say that he is carrying regarding the stone.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah deals with picking up something that is muktzeh (forbidden to be touched on Shabbat) with something which a person is allowed to carry on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
כלכלה – basket
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A man may pick up his son while he has a stone in his hand or a basket with a stone in it. One can carry a child on Shabbat; a child is not “muktzeh.” However, the stone which the child is holding is muktzeh (because there is no purpose to it on Shabbat). The mishnah teaches that the parent can pick up the child even though she has a stone in her hand. Similarly, one can pick up a basket (not muktzeh) with a stone in it, even though the stone is muktzeh.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
והאבן בתוכה – and it is the case that there will be fruit/produce in the basket, for if there were no fruit in it, it would be made the basis for a prohibited thing for it is prohibited to carry it, and there needs also that there would be in it fruit so that if he casts them on the ground, they would be detestable, such as mulberries and grapes and similar things, but if there were no fruit in it, such as nuts and almonds, he would empty the fruit and they would fall, but the detestable fruit also such as mulberries and grapes, if it is possible to remove them to the sides of the basket and to remove the stone alone, and to cast it away, for it is prohibited to carry it with the stone. But our Mishnah is speaking about the case where it had broken through from the sides of the basket or its rim at the bottom of the vessel and the stone was a wall to it, that it is impossible to use the basket without [the presence] of the stone.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
And one may carry impure terumah together with pure [terumah] or with non-sacred produce. Impure terumah cannot be eaten and therefore it can’t be used on Shabbat. This makes it muktzeh. Nevertheless, if the impure terumah is in the same container as either pure terumah or non-sacred produce (hullin), both of which can be used on Shabbat, then it may be carried. The Talmud explains that this is so only if the pure terumah cannot be taken off the top. If however, the pure terumah can be removed without touching the impure terumah then the impure terumah should not be touched.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
תרומה טמאה עם הטהורה ועם החולין – subsidiary to the pure produce and subsidiary to the non-holy produce but the unclean is separate and is not carried.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Judah said: one may also remove the mixture [of terumah in non-sacred produce] when one [part is neutralized] in a hundred [parts]. If terumah becomes mixed with non-terumah (hullin) then the whole mixture takes on the status of terumah and it may only be eaten by priests. However, if there are more than one hundred parts hullin to one part terumah than one may take up one part out of the one hundred and one parts, give that part to terumah and the remainder reverts to being hullin, edible by non-priests. Rabbi Judah teaches that on Shabbat one can carry a mixture of one part terumah and one hundred parts hullin and even take out the one part on Shabbat in order to make it edible by non-priests.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אף מעלין את המדומע באחד ומאה – A Se’ah of Terumah/priest’s due that fell into one-hundred Se’ah of non-holy produce, it is permissible to raise it up to a Se’ah of Terumah from them on Shabbat and all of it (i.e., the rest) would be non-holy produce, and it is permissible for foreigners (i.e., non-priests) and we don’t say that he is making things legally fit for use by giving the priest’s dues, for the Terumah that fell in the non-holy produce, we consider it as if it was placed alone, and didn’t become mixed up, and when it comes up as one-part in one-hundred and one, the Terumah itself that fell comes up. Therefore, it is not repairing, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
