Kommentar zu Oholot 4:2
תֵּבַת הַמִּגְדָּל, יֶשׁ בָּהּ פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח וְאֵין בִּיצִיאָתָהּ פּוֹתֵחַ טֶפַח, טֻמְאָה בְתוֹכָהּ, הַבַּיִת טָמֵא. טֻמְאָה בַבַּיִת, מַה שֶּׁבְּתוֹכָהּ טָהוֹר, שֶׁדֶּרֶךְ הַטֻּמְאָה לָצֵאת וְאֵין דַּרְכָּהּ לְהִכָּנֵס. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי מְטַהֵר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא יָכוֹל לְהוֹצִיאָהּ לַחֲצָאִים אוֹ לְשָׂרְפָהּ בִּמְקוֹמָהּ:
Eine Schublade eines Schranks, der Platz für eine Handbreite hat, dessen Auslass jedoch keinen Platz für eine Handbreite hat. Wenn sich darin Verunreinigungen befinden, wird das Haus unrein. Wenn es Unreinheit im Haus gibt, ist das, was sich in [der Schublade] befindet, rein, denn die Art der Unreinheit soll ausgehen und ihre Art nicht hineingehen. Rabbi Yose erklärt [das Haus] für rein, da er es entfernen kann [die Verunreinigung] halbieren oder an seiner Stelle verbrennen.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
תיבת המגדל -it is customary to make small chests within the wooden turret/cupboard, in order to hide in them vessels and food and liquids.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
[With regard to] a drawer of the cupboard, which is one cubic handbreadth, but whose outlet is not a square handbreadth, if there is uncleanness inside it, the house becomes unclean; The mishnah now discusses a drawer inside the cupboard. The drawer is one handbreadth cubed, meaning that it is large enough to be considered an ohel. However, its opening is less than a handbreadth's in size. Nevertheless, if there is a piece of corpse (or other corpse type uncleanness) in the drawer it escapes the drawer and defiles everything in the house. This is the same principle we learned in 3:7 impurity can escape an inner ohel and go into a larger ohel (the house).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
בה פותח טפח – there is in its cavity an opening of a handbreadth, but there is no defilement hidden.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
But if there is uncleanness in the house, that which is within [the drawer] remains clean, for the manner of uncleanness is to go out and not to go in. However, impurity does not go into a smaller ohel (the drawer) from the larger ohel. Therefore, if there is impurity in the house it does not defile things that are in the drawer.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ואין ביציאתה – in the hole of its opening, there isn’t a handbreadth.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
Rabbi Yose declares [the house] clean, since he can remove [the uncleanness] by halves or burn it where it stands. Rabbi Yose says that even things in the house are pure, in a case where there is a source of impurity in the drawer. He holds that impurity escapes holes smaller than a handbreadth only if it is inevitable that the source of impurity will at some point have to leave its current place (the drawer). In other words, he would state that the contents of the larger ohel are impure only if we can anticipate that the impurity will leave its current ohel and actually enter the larger. However, in this case, it is not inevitable that the impurity will actually enter the house, or at least that an olive's worth of it will. One could either burn the impurity while it's still in the drawer, or he could remove it in pieces smaller than an olive. Since the impurity may not enter the house, the contents of the house are not defiled.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
טומאה בתוכה הבית טמא – and even though that its opening is small. As it explains the reason, because it is the manner of the defilement to go out, by force, its end is to exit through the path of this opening, therefore, it defiles immediately in the path of its exiting.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
שבתוכה טהור מה– since there isn’t in its removal an opening of a handbreadth, it doesn’t bring in the defilement.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ואין דרך טומאה ליכנס – that its conclusion is not to bring into it a corpse.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ור' יוסי מטר – for perhaps its end is not exit through the path of this opening which has the measurement of defilement/uncleanness, for it is able to be remove it by halves or to burn it in its place. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.
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