Jedes [Wasser], das in eine Mikwe eingemischt wird [eine Ansammlung von Wasser, das auf natürliche Weise gesammelt und zur Reinigung eingetaucht wurde], wird als Mikwe angesehen [wenn es bereits eine vollständige Mikwe war , die vierzig Se enthält'ah gültiges Wasser]. In Bezug auf Löcher oder Risse in einer Höhle [in der sich eine Mikwe befindet ] kann man [Objekte] so eintauchen, wie sie sind [unabhängig davon, wie wenig Wasser sie enthalten oder wie klein ihre Verbindung zum Rest der Mikwe ist ]. In Bezug auf einen ausgegrabenen Bereich [von Wasser] in einer Höhle darf man nicht in ihn eintauchen, es sei denn, er wurde durchbohrt [mit einem Loch, das ihn mit dem Mikwewasser verbindet] und hat die Größe eines Kolbenrohrs. Rabbi Yehudah sagte: Wann gilt das? Wenn es [die Barriere, die zwischen dem ausgegrabenen Bereich und der gültigen Mikwe trennt ] sich hält; aber wenn es sich nicht hält, kann man so in es eintauchen, wie es ist.
Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
כל המעורב. חורי המערה – holes that are within the Mikveh/ritual bath. But because most of their immersions are in caves, they call the Mikveh a cave.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
Anything which is joined with [the water of] a mikveh is like a mikveh. A small body of water which is joined with a valid mikveh takes on the properties of the mikveh and can be used as such, even if it doesn't contain forty seahs.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
כמה שהן – even though they are not they are not perforated like the tube (mouth-piece) of a leather bottle.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
One may immerse in holes of a cavern and in crevices of a cavern just as they are. This is an example of the principle in section one. One may use the holes in the sides of a cavern in which a mikveh is found, even if they are not connected to the mikveh itsel by a hole the size of the tube of a water-skin.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
עוקת המערה – a hole/indentation that is in the rim/bottom of the cave, its waters are not considered with the waters of the Mikveh that are above them to be kosher/fit to immerse in them, unless there is between them like the tube (mouth-piece) of a leather bottle.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
The pit of a cavern, one may not immerse in it unless it had a hole as big as the tube of a water-skin. This pit is dug out next to the mikveh in the cavern and is not part of the cavern itself. For this pit to be used as part of the mikveh it must be attached to the mikveh by a hole at least as wide as the tube of a water-skin. This same measure was mentioned in 4:5 concerning attaching a trough to a mikveh.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
אמר ר' יהודה – Rabi Yehuda does not come to argue but rather to explain.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
Rabbi Judah said: when [is this the case]? When it stands by itself; but if it does not stand by itself, one may immerse in it just as it is. Rabbi Judah limits this to a case when the pit stands on its own. If the pit does not stand on its own, but rather is leaning on the walls of the mikveh, then it is considered part of the mikveh and one can immerse in it even if it is not attached by a hole the size of the tube of a water-skin.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
בזמן שהיא מעמדת את עצמה – when he comes to immerse in the hole/indentation, the hole stands on its own, and the roof that forms a partition/makes a dam between it and the cave does not fall on its own.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
אבל אם אינה מעמדת את עצמה – and at the time that the comes to immerse, the roof of the hole/indentation which is at the bottom of the Mikveh falls and the waters of the Mikveh combine with the waters of the hole/indentation.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
מטבילין בה כמו שהיא – and even if the incision is not like the tube (mouth-piece) of a leather bottle.
