Wenn [drei Baumstämme gezogenes Wasser von einem Schiff, von zwei oder von drei in eine Mikwe gefallen sind ], verbinden sie sich [um das erforderliche Maß zu addieren, um die Mikwe ungültig zu machen ]; aber von vier [Schiffen] verbinden sie sich nicht. Ein ba'al keri [ein Mann, der eine bahnbrechende Emission hatte, sich aber noch nicht durch Eintauchen in eine Mikwe gereinigt hat ], der krank ist, wenn neun kav [eine spezifische Volumenmessung, die vier log entspricht ] auf ihn fielen [was der Weise, die sich als ausreichend erwiesen haben, um ihn in einem solchen Fall zu reinigen, wenn er krank ist und daher nicht eintauchen kann, oder eine reine Person, die drei Logarithmen gezogenen Wassers auf seinen Kopf und den größten Teil ihres Körpers fiel [was die Weisen feststellten, macht einen unrein ], wenn [sie auf ihn fielen] von einem Gefäß oder von zwei oder von drei, schließen sie sich zusammen [um das Mindestmaß zu addieren, das erforderlich ist, um sie entweder rein oder unrein zu machen]; wenn von vier, verbinden sie sich nicht [um die erforderliche Maßnahme zu addieren, um eine Wirkung zu erzielen]. In Bezug auf was wurden diese Worte gesagt? In Bezug auf eine Zeit, als das zweite [Gefäß] zu [gießen] begann, bevor das erste aufgehört hatte. Und in Bezug auf was wurden diese Worte gesagt [dh dass drei Holzscheite, die aus vier Gefäßen gegossen wurden oder nicht in enger Folge gegossen wurden, sich nicht zusammenschließen, um eine Mikwe ungültig zu machen ]? In Bezug auf eine Zeit, in der man nicht beabsichtigte, [das Wasser der Mikwe ] zu erhöhen ; aber wenn man beabsichtigte, sogar [nur] einen Kortov jedes Jahr zu erhöhen, verbinden sie sich zu drei Protokollen [was die Mikwe ungültig macht].
Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
מכלי אחד משנים וכו' – the conclusion of their matter is according to the Rabbis.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
Introduction
This mishnah is a continuation of yesterday's mishnah. It continues to deal with logs of drawn water that fell from different vessels joining together to disqualify a mikveh.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
תשעה קבין מים – one who experienced a seminal emission (i.e., whether involuntarily, intentionally or during sexual relations, he becomes ritually impure – and must immerse himself in a ritual bath, and after nightfall on the day of his immersion, becomes ritually pure) who is infirm and is not able to immerse [in a Mikveh], if they placed upon him nine KABS (i.e., a KAB = one-sixth of a SEAH, or twenty- four egg bulks) of water, he is ritually pure. And our Mishnah comes to teach us that it doesn’t matter whether one uses one utensil, two utensils or three utensils.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
[If the three logs of drawn water fell in] from one vessel or from two or from three, they combine together; but if from four, they do not combine together. As we learned in yesterday's mishnah, the sages hold that the three logs can fall in from multiple sources and still disqualify the mikveh. However, if they fall in from four different vessels, since each vessel does not contain a full log (assuming equal distribution) they do not disqualify the mikveh.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
וכן טהור שנפלו על ראשו ועל רובו שלשת לוגין מים שאובין – that invalidate the priest-due/heave-offering, as we stated in the first chapter of [Tractate] Shabbat [13b – and Tractate Zavim, Chapter 5, Mishnah 12]. These three LOGS, from two or three utensils – combine; from four [utensils] they do not combine.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
If a man who had a seminal issue was sick and nine kavs of water fell on him, or if there fell on the head and the greater part of the body of a clean person three logs of drawn water from one vessel or from two or from three, they combine together; but if from four, they do not combine together. The mishnah now addresses a similar issue where there is a difference between three and four. There are two situations here. The first is a sick person who can't immerse in a mikveh. He is allowed to have nine kavs of drawn water poured on him to purify him from the impurity that is a result of a seminal emission. The second situation is a pure person upon whom fall three logs of drawn water this water is considered impure and will defile him. In both of these cases, if the amount falls on his head and the greater part of his body from three different sources, they combine together to purify the man who had the seminal emission or to defile the clean person. But if from four different sources, they do not have any effect.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
במה דברים אמורים – that from two or three utensils they combine.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
In what case does this apply? When the second began before the first finished. The pouring from different vessels joins together if the second vessel began to be poured before the first was completed. If not, they are considered separate episodes of pouring.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
בזמן שלא נתכוין לרבות (at the time that he did not intend to add to more [drawn] water) – it is referring to the Mikveh, that he didn’t intend to add to it in order to increase its water.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Mikvaot
And in what case does [the other statement] apply? When there was no intention to increase it. But if there was an intention to increase it, if only a kortov in a whole year, they combine together to add up to the three logs. This section limits the cases where the separate pourings do not join, either because they were from four vessels or because the first pouring stopped before the second began. That is only true when one poured into the mikveh by accident. If one poured the drawn water into the mikveh on purpose then it disqualifies the mikveh no matter how long it takes to get the three logs into the mikveh, even if it takes a whole year, the mikveh is invalidated.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Mikvaot
אפילו קרטוב – a small measurement, one sixth-fourth of a LOG.
