Kommentar zu Kelim 17:13
כֹּל שֶׁבַּיָּם טָהוֹר, חוּץ מִכֶּלֶב הַמַּיִם, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא בוֹרֵחַ לַיַּבָּשָׁה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. הָעוֹשֶׂה כֵלִים מִן הַגָּדֵל בַּיָּם וְחִבֵּר לָהֶם מִן הַגָּדֵל בָּאָרֶץ, אֲפִלּוּ חוּט, אֲפִלּוּ מְשִׁיחָה, דָּבָר שֶׁהוּא מְקַבֵּל טֻמְאָה, טָמֵא:
Alles, was im Meer lebt, ist rein, außer dem Seehund, weil er auf trockenem Land Zuflucht sucht: die Worte von Rabbi Akiva. Wenn man aus dem, was im Meer wächst, Gefäße herstellt und mit ihnen alles verbindet, was an Land wächst, selbst wenn nur ein Faden oder eine Schnur, wenn es anfällig für Verunreinigungen ist, sind sie unrein.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כל שבים טהור – all the creatures that are I the sea, if he made vessels from their skin, they do not receive defilement, as it is written (Leviticus 11:32): “[And anything on which one of them falls when dead shall be impure: be it any article of wood,] or a cloth, or a skin, or a sack –[any such article that can be put to use shall be dipped in water, and it shall remain impure until evening, then it shall be pure],” just as cloth is from something that grows from the earth, even too the skin that that which grows in the earth.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Introduction
Today's mishnah deals with one who makes vessels out of the bones or skin of fish or other creatures that come from the sea.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
חוץ מכלב המים – because all the rest of the creatures of the sea – not one of them flees to the dry land when [hunters] come to hunt them, other than the sea dog alone, therefore, it is included within the skins of the dry land, and if he made a vessel from its skin, it is susceptible to receive defilement. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiva.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
All that live in the sea are clean, except the sea-dog because it seeks refuge on dry land, the words of Rabbi Akiba. Vessels made of skin and bones of all creatures of the sea are not susceptible to impurity only of those of land creatures. Rabbi Akiva notes that the one exception is the sea-dog (probably a seal) because it lives both in the sea and on land. Since it lives partly on the land, vessels made from its skin and bones are susceptible to impurity.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If one made vessels from what grows in the sea and joined to them anything that grows on land, even if only a thread or a cord, if it is susceptible to uncleanness, they are unclean. If one made a vessel that is mostly of material from the sea, if even a small part of the vessel was made from something that comes from land, it is susceptible to impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
אפילו חוט אפילו משיחה (even a thread or a cord) – and as long as he connects them for himself on the road that if both of them were from what grows on the land are attached with a connection like this, the one would become defiled when its partner was defiled.
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