Wenn der Schreiber ein Get für den Mann [um sich von seiner Frau scheiden zu lassen] und eine Quittung für die Frau [um ihrem Ehemann nach Zahlung ihrer Kethuba zu geben] schrieb und er [der Schreiber] sich irrte [als er ihnen die Schriften gab ] und gab der Frau das Get und dem Mann die Quittung, und sie gaben es einander, [und sie ging und heiratete und dachte, dass das, was ihr Mann ihr gab, das Get war, und er dachte, was seine Frau war gab ihm die Quittung (Rambam liest es: "Und er gab dem Mann das Get und der Frau die Quittung" und interpretiert es als: "Und er dachte, er gab dem Mann das Get und der Frau die Quittung, "das nicht getan zu haben, aber genau das Gegenteil. Die Interpretation ist erzwungen.] —und später wurde festgestellt, dass das Get aus der Hand des Mannes und die Quittung aus der Hand der Frau stammt, sie verlässt dieses und dieses, und alles oben Genannte gilt. R. Eliezer sagt: Wenn es sofort herauskam [aus der Hand ihres Mannes, bevor sie wieder heiratete], ist es kein Get, [und sie benötigt ein anderes Get], und wenn es nach einiger Zeit herauskam [dh nach ihr wieder geheiratet], es ist ein Get. Es liegt nicht ganz an ihm [dh es ist nicht alles nach den Worten des ersten (Ehemanns), dass er geglaubt wird], die Rechte des zweiten [der sie geheiratet hat, für nichtig zu erklären, und wir setzen eine "Verschwörung" voraus. zwischen den beiden ein Austausch der Schriften, nachdem sie wieder geheiratet hatte. Die Halacha stimmt mit R. Eliezer überein.] Wenn jemand schrieb (ein Get), um sich von seiner Frau scheiden zu lassen, und seine Meinung änderte—Beth Shammai sagt: Er disqualifiziert sie vom Priestertum. Beth Hillel sagt: Auch wenn er es ihr unter der Bedingung gegeben hat und die Bedingung nicht erfüllt war, disqualifiziert er sie nicht vom Priestertum.
Bartenura on Mishnah Gittin
כתב סופר גט לאיש – [in order to] divorce his wife with it [the Jewish bill of divorce]
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English Explanation of Mishnah Gittin
Introduction
The first half of the mishnah deals with a situation where a scribe wrote a get for a husband to give to his wife and a receipt for payment of the ketubah for the wife to give to her husband. He accidentally switched the documents, giving the get to the wife and the receipt to the husband, whereupon the husband divorced his wife using a ketubah receipt. The problem is that this wife never received her get.
The second half of the mishnah contains a debate between Bet Shammai and Bet Hillel over a husband who writes out a get to give to his wife but does not give it to her.
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ושובר לאשה – [the receipt] that she will deliver to her husband when he has paid off her Ketubah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Gittin
If a scribe wrote a get for the husband and a receipt for the wife and by mistake gave the get to the wife and the receipt to the husband and the two exchanged them and after some time the get came out of the hands of the man and the receipt out of the hands of the woman, she must leave both husbands and all these things apply to her. Rabbi Elazar says: if [it comes out of her hands] immediately, it is not a get, but if [it comes out of her hands] after some time, it is a get; it is not in the power of the first to render void the right of the second. According to the first opinion in this section, since the wife never received her get she was never divorced. Hence her second marriage is invalid, and all of the consequences that applied in the previous mishnayot apply to her as well. Rabbi Elazar says that the get is invalid only in a case where she immediately noticed that she had received a ketubah receipt and not a get. If she only discovered that she had never received the get at a later time, she is considered divorced. The reason that she is considered divorced is that we fear that the husband and the wife may have made a deal in order to disrupt the second marriage. By her giving him back the get and his giving her back the receipt, they can make it look like she was never divorced. The first husband does not have the authority to ruin the second husband’s marriage.
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וטעה הסופר – when he delivered the documents to them
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English Explanation of Mishnah Gittin
If a man wrote a get with which to divorce his wife and then changed his mind, Bet Shammai says that he has disqualified her from marrying a priest. Bet Hillel says that even if he gave it to her with a certain stipulation, if the condition was not fulfilled, he has not disqualified her for marrying a priest. A priest cannot marry a divorced woman. According to Bet Shammai, even if a woman’s husband writes a get but does not give it to her, he has already disqualified her from subsequently marrying a priest. In contrast, Bet Hillel holds that even if he gives her the get with a condition (for instance, “here is your get if I don’t return within 12 months) and the condition is not fulfilled and the get is invalid, she is still not disqualified from marry a priest. The Yerushalmi (Palestinian Talmud) connects this Bet Shammai and Bet Hillel debate with their debate that appears in the last mishnah of the tractate. Since Bet Shammai says that a husband can divorce only on grounds of adultery, the very fact that the husband suspected her of adultery and therefore wrote out a get, disqualifies her from marrying a priest. In contrast, Bet Hillel allows divorce on nearly all grounds, and therefore does not see a disqualified get as disqualifying a woman from the priesthood.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Gittin
ונתן גט לאשה ושובר לאיש – and they (i.e., the now-supposedly former husband and supposedly former wife) delivered [the appropriate documents] each to the other, and she went and married [someone else] thinking that this was the Jewish bill of divorce that her husband delivered to her and this one (i.e., the husband) thought that his wife had delivered him the receipt. And Maimonides has the reading: “and he (i.e., the scribe) gave the Jewish bill of divorce to the man and the receipt to the woman, and he explains [the word] “ונתן /and he gave” that he (i.e., the scribe) thought that he gave the Jewish bill of divorce to the man and the receipt to the woman but [in reality] he did the exact opposite, and this is [a] forced [interpretation].
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אם לאלתר – all the while that she did not marry, the Jewish bill of divorce left the hands of the husband
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אינו גט – and she requires a new Jewish bill of divorce
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Bartenura on Mishnah Gittin
ואם לאחר שנשאת – behold, this is a [legitimate] Jewish bill of divorce
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Bartenura on Mishnah Gittin
לא כל הימנו – Everything is not according to the words of the first husband to believe him.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Gittin
לאבד זכותו של שני – [of the second husband] that she married, for we say that there was a conspiracy between them and they switched the documents after she had married. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Eliezer
