Талмуд к Трумо́т 3:5

הָאוֹמֵר, תְּרוּמַת הַכְּרִי זֶה בְּתוֹכוֹ, וּמַעַשְׂרוֹתָיו בְּתוֹכוֹ, תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר זֶה בְּתוֹכוֹ, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, קָרָא שֵׁם. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, עַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר בִּצְפוֹנוֹ אוֹ בִדְרוֹמוֹ. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר חִסְמָא אוֹמֵר, הָאוֹמֵר, תְּרוּמַת הַכְּרִי מִמֶּנּוּ עָלָיו, קָרָא שֵׁם. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר, הָאוֹמֵר, עִשּׂוּר מַעֲשֵׂר זֶה עָשׂוּי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר עָלָיו, קָרָא שֵׁם:

Если кто-то скажет: « Терума этой кучи находится внутри нее», или «его десятину внутри него», или « Терумат Маасер [часть десятин, которая дана священнику], находится внутри нее, Раввин Шимон говорит: он [тем самым] обозначил его [как Терума , десятину или Терумат Маасер ]. Но Мудрецы говорят: нет, если он не сказал: «Он находится на севере или юге от него». Раввин Элазар Чисма говорит: если кто-то говорит: « Терума из этой кучи берется из нее», он [тем самым] обозначил ее. Раввин Элиэзер бен Яаков говорит: если кто-то говорит: «Десятая часть этой десятины превращается в Терумат Маасер для него», он [таким образом] обозначил это.

Jerusalem Talmud Demai

HALAKHAH: ¹³¹In the Venice print, Halakhah 8.: Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, one has to specify a stipulation and say: If ṭevel is in my hands, it shall be tithe, but if tithe is in my hands, it shall be heave of the tithe¹³²This refers to the case where ṭevel and tithe were mixed together and one takes 101 parts for the ṭevel of which the one part in excess is to be addititional heave of the tithe. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish states that heave can only be taken if it is specified from where it is to be taken. In our case, heave of the tithe can only be taken if the produce was first designated to be tithe. Hence, it is necessary to stipulate that it should be designated tithe if part of the grain originated from what was ṭevel.. Rebbi Jonah said, one has to add the converse stipulation and say, otherwise I did not do anything¹³³R. Jonah’s remark is a technicality. Since the rules of stipulations in Jewish law are derived from the stipulation Moses made with the tribes of Gad and Reuben (Num.32:29–30) in which it was spelled out first what would happen if the conditions were met and second what would happen if they were not, any stipulation in Jewish law is valid only if it is formulated both in the positive and the negative sense. So R. Jonah simply means that the stipulation has to be legally valid.. Rebbi Joḥanan said, one does not have to add the converse stipulation¹³⁴One does not need a stipulation at all; a simple declaration is sufficient.. Either one of them follows his own opinion, since they disagreed¹³⁵In Terumot, Chap. 3. The obligation of heave starts when grain, after threshing, is formed into heaps or put into a silo. If somebody has two heaps and he says, the heave of both heaps should be in one of them, without specifying in which one, then R. Joḥanan is of the opinion that both heaps are potentially profane mixed with heave, and both of them fall under the strict rules of dema‘ until heave is taken. But R. Simeon ben Laqish holds that heave can only be taken from a designated spot; hence, the declaration is invalid and nothing has changed. It follows that, in our case, R. Simeon ben Laqish must require a declaration which fixes the exact part from which heave of the tithe may be taken, but R. Joḥanan holds that any produce that is potentially heave may be turned into heave by simple declaration.: Two heaps of grain, in one of them. Rebbi Joḥanan said, they are both forbidden as dema‘, but Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, they are not forbidden.

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