Related к Трумо́т 1:14

R. Yehuda says: A minor whose father places him in a cucumber field – [when] he sets aside terumah and his father speaks on his behalf, his terumah is a [valid] terumah. They said: It is not he [the minor] who sets aside terumah, but rather his father who confirms his act.

A Gentile that separates the terumah of his friends (חבריו not חברים per the GR"A), or of a Jew, even with permission, his terumah is not [valid] terumah (Ter. 1:1). It so happened in Pinah (alt. "in Pigah" =בפיגא), that a certain Jew said to a Gentile, "Separate the terumah of my threshing floor." And he separated the terumah, and [subseqently] the terumah fell back onto the threshing floor [becoming mixed with the rest of the produce]. And this matter came before Rabban Gamaliel (alt., "Shimon ben Gamaliel") and he said, "Since the Gentile separated the terumah, it is not [valid] terumah," [and thus the resulting mixture is not forbidden]. Rabbi Yitzhak says, a Gentile that separates the terumah of a Jew, and the owners [of the produce] remain near him [throughout the process], his terumah is [valid] terumah.

How is this done [i.e, what rules apply to the taking of terumah from the same species]? We do not take terumah from the new on behalf of the old (Ter. 1:5), we do not take terumah from this year's produce on behalf of last year's produce (see Ter. 6:6), but in a field that grows two crops (i.e., early and late fruits) in [the same] year, and so too an irrigated field, we [may] take terumah and tithes from one on behalf of the other. [With respect to] vegetables picked on the evening preceding Rosh Hashanah [but which remain in the field], until the sun rises, he may return [and take terumah and tithes from] those picked [vegetables], but once the sun rises, we do not take terumah and tithes from one on behalf of the other because [once the sun rises on Rosh Hashanah, vegetables collected thereafter] are "new " and [vegetables collected previously] are "old" (i.e., from the previous year). [Note that Rosh Hashanah is the new year for tithing vegetables, see Rosh Hashanah 1:1.]

How [else] is this done? We do not take terumah from detached [produce] on behalf of [produce that is still] attached [to the ground] (Ter. 1:5). [If] he declared, "This detached produce shall be [considered] terumah and tithes on behalf of this attached [produce]," or "This attached produce shall be [considered] terumah and tithes on behalf of this detached produce," [it is as though] he has not said anything. But [if he declared], "This detached produce shall be [considered] terumah and tithes on behalf of this attached produce once it becomes detached," and behold, he ate from it by accident, he may take terumah and tithes from another place, until the time that it detaches [and he would not incur liability for consuming terumah or tithes]. Once it detaches, his words become permanent [and he would be liable]

Rabbi Yehudah says, a person [is permitted to] measure his untithed produce, and bring it into his house, provided he does not [separate] terumah [according to] measure or weight (see Y. Ter. I.4.5). A person [is permitted to] count his untithed produce and bring it into his house, provided he does not [separate] terumah [according to] quantity.

One who takes terumah from grapes to be made into raisins (Ter. 1:9), or figs to be made into dried figs, or pomegranates to be made into dried pomegranates (פֶּרֶד not כרי, see Jastrow), it is [valid] terumah and he need not take terumah a second time. Rabbi Eliezer says, Beit Shammai say that he need not take terumah a second time, and Beit Hillel say that he needs to take terumah a second time. Beit Hillel said to Beit Shammai, behold, it says (Num. 18:27), "[your terumah will be reckoned] like fully-fermented [grapes] from the vat" (see Ter. 1:10). He does not take terumah of this (i.e., of dried fruit) from the vat. Beit Shammai said back to them, behold, it says (Lev. 27:30), "And every tithe [of the land, whether from the seed of the land [or] the fruit of the tree, is for God, it is holy to God." If you say, that he needs to take terumah a second time, therefore [the first terumah] will not remain holy to God.