Семь (разных) видов наказаний приходят в мир за семь видов проступков: если некоторые (мужчины) платят десятину, а некоторые не платят десятину, в мире наступает голод недостатка. [Дождя мало, в результате чего цены растут]—некоторые голодны, а некоторые насыщены. Если (все) решили не платить десятину, наступает голод смуты [(Жатву нельзя собрать из-за вторжения армий)] и наступает нехватка. Если (они решили) не принимать халу, наступает голод разрушения. [Небеса подобны железу, а земля подобны меди.] Мора приходит в мир за смертную казнь в Торе, которая не пришла к [вынесению решения] в Бет-Дине, и для плодов творческого отпуска, [с какое дело было совершено, а какие не хранились в святости творческого отпуска.] Меч приходит в мир для отсрочки суда, [когда известно, куда грохочет склонность] и для искажения справедливости, [оправдания виновного и обвиняя невинных] и за то, что они руководят в Торе (законе) не в соответствии с Галахой, [запрещая разрешенное и разрешая запрещенное].
Sha'arei Teshuvah
Our Rabbis, may their memory be blessed, said (Avot 5:8), “Pestilence comes to the world for sins punishable by death according to the Torah, but which have not been referred to the court, and for [neglect of the law regarding] the fruits of the sabbatical year.” And they also said (Avot 5:9), “At four times pestilence increases: In the fourth year, in the seventh year, at the conclusion of the seventh year and at the conclusion of the Feast [of Tabernacles (Sukkot)] in every year. In the fourth year, on account of the tithe of the poor [which is due in] the third year; in the seventh year, on account of the tithe of the poor [which is due] in the sixth year; at the conclusion of the seventh year, on account of the produce of the seventh year; and at the conclusion of the Feast in every year, for robbing the gifts to the poor.” We have seen from this that there is death at the hands of the Heavens for robbing the gifts of the poor. And from this, know and examine the severity of one who makes vows of charity but does not fulfill [them]. Also one who shuts his hand from his poor brother and turns away from his flesh is similar to these - for since he has already been obligated to give [these sums by the Torah], behold he is like someone robbing the gifts [of the poor].
And our Rabbis, may their memory be blessed, said (Avot 5:8-9), “The sword comes to the world for the delay of judgment, for the perversion of judgment, and because of those who teach the Torah not in accordance with the accepted law. Wild beasts come to the world for swearing in vain, and for the profaning of [God’s] name.”
And our Rabbis, may their memory be blessed, said (Avot 5:8-9), “The sword comes to the world for the delay of judgment, for the perversion of judgment, and because of those who teach the Torah not in accordance with the accepted law. Wild beasts come to the world for swearing in vain, and for the profaning of [God’s] name.”