[Забрызганная] кровь недействительного Чатата не требует промывки, независимо от того, был ли у Чатата момент, когда он был действителен, или если у него никогда не было такого момента. Что такое [случай с Чататом ], у которого был момент действия? Тот, который остался на ночь, [или] стал нечистым или покинул [Храмовый двор]. А что такое [случай с Чататом ], у которого никогда не было момента действия? [Тот], который был убит [с намерением действовать] по истечении его надлежащего времени или за пределами его надлежащего места, или если неподходящие люди собрали его кровь или хлестали его кровью [против алтаря].
Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
אין דמה טעון כבוס – as it is written (Leviticus 6:20): “and if any of its blood is splattered [upon a garment],” from blood that is fit, but not blood that is invalid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Introduction
This mishnah teaches that when Leviticus 6:20 states, “And if any of its [the hatat] blood is spattered upon a garment, you shall wash the bespattered part in the holy place,” it is only referring to a valid hatat, and not to a disqualified one.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
שעת הכושר – for tossing/sprinkling.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
The blood of a disqualified hatat does not necessitate washing, whether it had a period of fitness or did not have a period of fitness. If the blood came from a disqualified hatat, then the garment does not require ritual cleansing (I might advise one to wash it before wearing it again, but that’s not the type of washing referred to here). This applies whether or not the hatat was once valid and then became disqualified (“had a period of fitness”) or whether it was disqualified from the minute it was sacrificed (“did not have a period of fitness”). The mishnah now explains these two categories.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
שלנה – that its blood remained overnight.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Which had a period of fitness? One [whose blood] was kept overnight, or was defiled, or was taken out [of the Temple courtyard]. There are three cases where the hatat “had a period of fitness”. First it was sacrificed properly and then: 1) its blood was kept overnight in the Temple courtyard; 2) It was defiled for instance its flesh was defiled before the blood was sprinkled; 3) The blood was taken out of the Temple courtyard before it was sprinkled on the altar. For more information on these categories see 9:2.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zevachim
ושקבלו פסולין – this is our reading. But we don’t read, “and when they tossed/sprinkled [its blood], for even an appropriate sin-offering whose blood was splattered on the clothing after the sprinkling of the blood idoes not require washing, as we have stated, “and if any of [its blood] is splattered,” (Leviticus 6:20), excluding that which that had already been splattered.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zevachim
Which did not have a period of fitness? One which was slaughtered [with the intention of eating it] after the appropriate time or outside the appropriate bounds; or whose blood was received by unfit persons, and sprinkled by them. If the hatat was slaughtered improperly, for instance with the wrong intention, or its blood was received and/or sprinkled by a person not qualified to do so (see 2:1), then the blood never had a period of fitness.
