Шесть арайотов более строгие, чем эти [и какова их «строгость»?] —будучи женатым на других, не может жениться на своем брате от отца. И если умирают их мужья, не родственные этому, их цароту разрешается выйти за него замуж. Ибо цара эрвы ему запрещена только тогда, когда она предстает перед ним ради брата от его брата. И Рабейну Моше бен Маймон объяснил: если они незаконно поженились на его брате, и он умер без детей, и они пали ради Ибума перед ним, то их царот разрешается. Ибо это не Царот из Эрвы, брак его брата с этими арайотами не является обязательным.] Их Царот допускается: его мать [Она не может выйти замуж за своего брата от своего отца, будучи запрещенным ему по причине «жены его отец "(это согласно мнению, что анусса его отца запрещена. Я объяснил выше, что это не галаха; но что его мать освобождает ее от цара, его матери разрешено жениться на его брате от его отца.)] , жена его отца, сестра его отца, его сестра от его отца и жена его брата от его отца [у которого были дети. Все запрещено его брату так же, как они запрещены ему, и он никогда не имеет никакой связи с ними. Если другие женились на них, и у них были другие жены, и они умерли, их цароту разрешается выйти за него замуж. Точно так же, если его брат женился на них незаконно и умер без детей, их цароту разрешается.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Yevamot
שש עריות חמורות מאלו – and what is their stringency? That they are married to others (i.e., outsiders). But they are not able to marry the brother of this one from his father, and if their husbands died, who are “strangers” (i.e., outsiders) regarding this one, their rival/co-wives are permitted to marry to this one, for the rivals of a woman are not forbidden on account of consanguinity other than when she falls before him for levirate marriage from his brother. And our Rabbi/teacher, Moshe bar Maimon (i.e., Maimonides) explained, that if they married through sin to his brother and he died without children, and they fell [before him] for levirate marriage, their rival/co-wives are permitted, for these are not [forbidden] on account of consanguinity since their betrothal/Kiddushin do not take effect to his brother in those forbidden relations of incest.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
Introduction
Mishnah three introduces a different list of women which is compared to the list in mishnah one.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yevamot
אמו – she cannot marry his brother from his father, for she is to him the wife of the father, according to the one who says that the ravaged wife of his father is prohibited, and above (Mishnah two), I explained, that this is not the Halakha, but rather, his mother exempts her rival/co-wife, for she is able to marry to his brother from his father.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Yevamot
There are six relatives that are more restricted than these, in that they may be married only to strangers, marriage with their rivals is permitted: his mother and his father’s wife, his father’s sister, his paternal sister, his father’s brother’s wife and his paternal brother’s wife. The six women mentioned in this mishnah are considered “more restricted” because they cannot be married to a man’s paternal brother (remember, yibbum is restricted to only paternal brothers). For instance, a man’s mother cannot marry his paternal brother, because she is the wife of the paternal brother’s father, and it is forbidden to marry your father’s wife. Likewise, it is forbidden to marry one’s father’s sister, one’s sister (from either parent), one’s father’s brother’s wife or one’s brother’s wife. This last case can occur when one brother marries a woman and divorces her or dies with children. This wife is now forbidden to all of her dead or divorced husband’s brothers. In all of these cases, if one of these women was married to another man and their husband died, their rival wives may marry one of the brothers. The rival wife of a woman forbidden due to kinship is forbidden only when the forbidden women became eligible for yibbum. These women were never eligible for yibbum to these brothers, therefore their rival wives are permitted. Furthermore, even if the brother tried to marry one of these women, and then died, the rival wives are eligible for yibbum, since the marriage of the brother to the forbidden woman was not valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Yevamot
אשת אביו אשת אחיו מאביו – [that he had children] and the sister of his father, all of them are forbidden to his brother, like they are forbidden to him, and there is not side of Levirate marriage on this forever, and if others married them and they have other wives, and they (i.e., the husbands) died, their rival/co-wives are permitted to marry this one, and similarly, if his brother married them in sin, and he died without children, their rival/co-wives are permitted.
