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הוא משלם את הקרן – he value of the heave-offering, according to the law of theft for he has become a thief regarding it.

Introduction This mishnah deals with a person who accidentally feeds his workers or his guests terumah.

והן משלמין את החומש – the transgression of their eating inadvertently, but they do not pay the added firth, but rather eat and drink and anoint himself , but the person who damages the heave-offering does not pay the added fifth, as it is written (Leviticus 22:14): “But if a man eats of a sacred donation unwittingly, [he shall pay the priest for the sacred donation, adding one-fifth of its value], excluding the one who causes damage.

If one gives his workmen or his guests terumah to eat he must repay the principal and they must pay the fifth, the words of Rabbi Meir. According to Rabbi Meir, the person who gave them the terumah pays the principal, the amount that the terumah was actually worth. Since these were his guests or workers, people whom he had an obligation to feed, he has benefited by fulfilling this duty. Therefore, he has to pay back the amount that they ate to the kohen. On the other hand, they were the ones who actually ate the terumah, and therefore, they are the ones who pay back the added fifth.

הן משלמין קרן וחומש – properly designated unconsecrated produce, and they should make it Terumah, and he pays them the value of the unconsecrated produce that he would have had to feed them. But there is a difference between them, for the person who feeds does not pay anything ought the value of the heave-offering, but according to the Rabbis, he pays the value of the unconsecrated produce.

But the sages say: they must pay both the value and the fifth, and he must pay them for the price of their meal. The sages hold that since they were the ones who ate the food, they have to pay back the terumah to the priest, both the principal and the added fifth. However, since he gave them food that they shouldn’t have eaten, meaning he did not fulfill his duty, he has to pay them back the value of the food they ate. In this case, since they ate terumah which has lower value then regular produce, he will end up paying them back less than the amount that they will have to pay.