Но разве свобода воли не является также олой ? [Тогда] что есть между словами рабби Елеазара и словами мудрецов? Скорее, когда [ олах ] становится обязательством, он возлагает на него руки и приносит [сопутствующие] возлияния [для] возлияния [приходят] из своих собственных [фондов]. И если он священник, его [жертвенная работа и кожа принадлежат ему; [но] когда это принесено как предложение по доброй воле, он не возлагает на него руки, и он не приносит возлияний, потому что его возлияния [приходят] от общественности. Даже если он священник, его [жертвенная] работа и кожа [отдаются] священнику часов [того дня].
Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
והלא אף הנדבה עולה – [the Mishnah] is explaining what is the difference between them (i.e., the first Tanna/teacher [that the animal should be left out to pasture to develop a blemish, be sold and that its monetary value should be donated to the Temple treasury as a free-will offering] and Rabbi Eleazar [that he should purchase with its proceeds a burnt-offering]).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Temurah
Introduction
Today’s mishnah is a direct continuation of yesterday’s mishnah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
בזמן שהיא באה חובה – when it is placed upon the individual to over it, he lays his hands upon it, etc. (i.e., he brings drink-offerings/libations on its account, and the libations are from his own funds).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Temurah
But cannot a nedavah [freewill-offering] also be an olah? What then is the difference between the opinion of Rabbi Elazar and that of the sages? In the last two sections of yesterday’s mishnah Rabbi Elazar and the sages argued what to do with the proceeds from the sale of an asham that couldn’t have been sacrificed. Rabbi Elazar said they would buy an olah, and the sages said that the money would go into the treasury of funds used to buy freewill offerings. The problem is that the money from this fund would be used to buy olot, which can be brought as freewill offerings. So what is the difference between Rabbi Elazar’s opinion and that of the sages?
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
ואם היה כהן – he who set aside the guilt-offering and was expiated through another [animal], and the first, an animal dedicated as a guilt-offering, has been condemned to pasture until natural death.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Temurah
Only in that when the offering comes as an obligation, he lays his hands on it and he brings libations and the libations must be from him; and if he is a priest, the privilege of officiating and its hide belong to him. The difference is that when an individual brings the olah, as Rabbi Elazar stated, he must lay his hands upon the sacrifice, he is responsible for the libations (wine, grain and oil) and if he is a priest, he gets to sacrifice it, and he keeps its hide, as the officiating priest always does with an olah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
עבודתה ועורה – of the burnt-offering purchased from the proceeds of that guilt-offering, is his, and he himself offers and takes the hide, and even if it is not from the priestly watch of that week.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Temurah
Whereas when he brings it as a freewill-offering, he does not lay his hands [on it], he does not bring libations with it, the libations are provided by the congregation, and although he is a priest, the privilege of officiating and its hide belong to the men of the division [officiating that particular week]. However, if it is brought from the funds for freewill offerings, then it is a communal sacrifice. He does not lay his hands on it, the libations come from communal funds and even if he is a priest, he does not get to sacrifice it himself. Rather the duty falls to whatever division of priests is serving in the Temple that week, and they receive the hide.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
אינו סומך עליה – for it is the free-will donation of the community which does not have the laying of the hands.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
ואע"פ שהוא כהן עבודתה ועורה לאנשי משמר – for it is of the community, and a Kohen from a different priestly watch is not permitted to offer it up, as it is written (Deuteronomy 18:8): “[They shall receive equal shares of the dues,] without regard to personal gifts or patrimonies,” what the patrimonies sold to each other, you take on your Shabbat, and I will take on my Shabbat. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.
