Комментарий к Швуот 4:10
עָמַד בְּבֵית הַכְּנֶסֶת וְאָמַר, מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם שֶׁאִם אַתֶּם יוֹדְעִים לִי עֵדוּת שֶׁתָּבֹאוּ וּתְעִידוּנִי, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ פְטוּרִין, עַד שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מִתְכַּוֵּן לָהֶם:
Если он встал в доме молитвы и сказал (прихожанам): «Я одеваю вас, чтобы, если вы знаете свидетельство для меня, вы приходили и свидетельствовали за меня», они не несут ответственности, пока он не назначит их, написано (Левит 5: 1): «… и он будет свидетелем» — он должен назначить своих свидетелей.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
/אם יודעים לי עדות וכו' פטורין – as it is written (Leviticus 5:1): “although able to testify” util he specifies his witnesses.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
[If] he stood in the synagogue and said, “I adjure you that if you know any testimony for me you should come and bear testimony for me”, they are exempt unless he directs himself to them. If the litigant stood in a public place and adjured a large, unspecified crowd of people that they should testify for him, and they all swore that they knew no testimony, the ones who did in fact know testimony are nevertheless exempt. The mishnah teaches that the litigant must specify exactly who he is adjuring. When learning this mishnah we must remember that people who witness an event have a religious duty to testify, regardless of whether the litigant adjures them or not. Our mishnah merely teaches that they have not sworn a false oath unless specifically adjured.
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