Комментарий к Швии́т 5:1
בְּנוֹת שׁוּחַ, שְׁבִיעִית שֶׁלָּהֶן, שְׁנִיָּה, שֶׁהֵן עוֹשׂוֹת לְשָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, הַפַּרְסָאוֹת, שְׁבִיעִית שֶׁלָּהֶן, מוֹצָאֵי שְׁבִיעִית, שֶׁהֵן עוֹשׂוֹת לִשְׁתֵּי שָׁנִים. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, לֹא אָמְרוּ אֶלָּא בְנוֹת שׁוּחַ:
Белый инжир - их субботний год - второй год [субботнего цикла], потому что им требуется три года для производства. Раввин Иегуда говорит: Персидский инжир - их субботний год - это год после субботнего года, потому что на его изготовление уходит два года. Они ответили ему: они только заявили [это правило] о белых фигах.
Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
בנות שוח (a species of white figs) – white figs that grow from every three years to another three years.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Introduction
When determining whether fruit is considered to be “fruit of the sabbatical year,” we go after the time that the fruit begins to appear on the tree. Therefore, a fruit that begins to appear in the seventh year and is not picked for another two years is considered to be “sabbatical fruit” and all of the laws governing this “sabbatical fruit” will apply to this fruit, even though it is picked long after the seventh year is over.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
שביעית שלהם שנה שניה – of the Shemitah cycle for fruit that assume the shape of fruits in the Seventh Yar, their ripening is not completed until the second year of Shemiah which is three years from their formation of fruit and then the law of the Seventh Year applies to them, for we go after the formation of fruit.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
White figs: their “sheviit” is in the second year [of the sabbatical year], since they ripen once in three years. White figs take three years to ripen. Hence, white figs that begin to appear on the tree during the seventh year will be picked three years later during the second year of the sabbatical cycle. This fruit will have the status of “sabbatical fruit.”
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
פרסיות – a species of figs that produce from two years to another two years. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Rabbi Judah says: Persian figs, their “sheviit” is in the year following the seventh year, since they ripen once in two years. Thereupon they said to him: this was said only of the species of white figs. Rabbi Judah says that a similar law applies to Persian figs which take two years to ripen. The other rabbis respond that the law stated in section one was stated only in regard to the white figs. All other fruit ripen in one year. It seems that they are disagreeing here about reality. The other rabbis seem to say that all fruit (at least the fruit which were known to them) is fully ripe the same year that it begins to grow, with the one exception of the white fig. Rabbi Judah says that there are other species to which this halakhah applies, including the Persian fig.
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