Комментарий к Менахот 6:5
כָּל הַמְּנָחוֹת טְעוּנוֹת שְׁלשׁ מֵאוֹת שִׁיפָה וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֹת בְּעִיטָה. וְהַשִּׁיפָה וְהַבְּעִיטָה בַּחִטִּים. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אַף בַּבָּצֵק. כָּל הַמְּנָחוֹת בָּאוֹת עֶשֶׂר עֶשֶׂר, חוּץ מִלֶּחֶם הַפָּנִים, וַחֲבִתֵּי כֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, שֶׁהֵם בָּאוֹת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, כֻּלָּן בָּאוֹת שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה, חוּץ מֵחַלּוֹת תּוֹדָה וְהַנְּזִירוּת, שֶׁהֵן בָּאוֹת עֶשֶׂר עֶשֶׂר:
Все хлебные приношения должны быть трижды растерты и избиты пятьсот раз. Втирание и избиение [выполняется с зернами] пшеницы. Раввин Йосе говорит: тоже к тесту. Все хлебные приношения состоят из десяти тортов, за исключением хлебов и сковородок первосвященника, которые состоят из двенадцати тортов, как сказал рабби Иуда. Раввин Меир говорит: все они состоят из двенадцати тортов, кроме хлебов жертвоприношения благодарения и жертвоприношения нацистов, которые состоят из десяти тортов.
Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
שיפה – he rubs the wheat between his hand and the utensil in order that it be pleasant to remove its husk.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
All menahot must be rubbed three hundred times and beaten five hundred times. The grains of wheat that will be used for the minhah offering must be rubbed three hundred times and then beaten five hundred times. This process is done in order to remove the husks before the grain is ground into flour.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
בעיטה – that he strikes with the thickness of his fist or the thickness of the palm of his hand. And he would rub once and beat twice, [or] rub twice and strike three times, and he goes back and does it according to this order until he completes five hundred beatings to three hundred rubbings.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
The rubbing and the beating apply is performed with the grains of wheat. Rabbi Yose says: also to the dough. The first opinion holds that the rubbing and beating is performed with the grain, as explained above. Rabbi Yose holds that the same is done with the dough. This is to further refine and perfect the quality of the minhah. According to a different version of the mishnah, Rabbi Yose says that it only applies to the dough and not to the grain.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
ה"ג ר' יוסי אומר בבצק – that is to say, rubbing and eating he dough but not the wheat. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
All menahot consist of ten cakes each, except the showbread and the griddle-cakes of the high priest, which consist of twelve cakes each, the words of Rabbi Judah. Whether the menahot consist of loaves or wafers, they make ten cakes. According to Rabbi Judah all menahot are compared with the minhah that accompanies the todah - just as it has ten loaves, so too do all menahot. There are two exceptions, the showbread (see Leviticus 24:5) and the daily minhah of griddle-cakes offered by the high priest (Leviticus 6:13-15). With regard to the latter, the verse does not state that 12 cakes are offered. Rather, the rabbis derive this number midrashically by comparing it with the showbread.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
עשר עשר חלות – and the meal-offering of choice flour also even though that prior to baking a handful is taken, nevertheless, ten loaves are brought.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Menachot
But Rabbi Meir says: they all consist of twelve cakes each, except the loaves of the todah and of the nazirite-offering, which consist of ten cakes each. Rabbi Meir says that all menahot consist of twelve-cakes, for they derive the number of cakes from the showbread. The two exceptions are the todah (thanks-giving offering) and the minhah that accompanies the nazirite offering. We shall learn more about these two menahot in chapter seven.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
לחם הפנים – it is explicitly written regarding them twelve loaves (Leviticus 24:5: “You shall take choice flour and bake of it twelve loaves/שתים עשרה חלות, two-tenths of a measure for each loaf”).
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
וחביתי כהן גדול – it is stated regarding the shew bread, it is stated, “a due for all time/חק עולם” (Leviticus 24:9) and it is stated regarding the baked cakes of the High Priest (Leviticus 6:15): “חק עולם/a law for all time,” just as there (i.e., with the shew bread) there are twelve loaves, so here too there are twelve loaves, and we offer up six loaves in the morning and six loaves in the evening.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Menachot
חוץ מחלות תודה שהן באות עשר (see Tractate Menahot, Chapter 7, Mishnah 1) – that we require to state the reason further on tin that chapter. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.
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