Комментарий к Меила 3:5
חֲלֵב הַמֻּקְדָּשִׁין וּבֵיצֵי תוֹרִין, לֹא נֶהֱנִין וְלֹא מוֹעֲלִים. בַּמֶּה דְבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, בְּקָדְשֵׁי מִזְבֵּחַ. אֲבָל בְּקָדְשֵׁי בֶדֶק הַבַּיִת, הִקְדִּישׁ תַּרְנְגֹלֶת, מוֹעֲלִין בָּהּ וּבְבֵיצָתָהּ. חֲמוֹר, מוֹעֲלִין בָּהּ וּבַחֲלָבָהּ:
Молоко освященных животных и яйца [освященных] горлиц невозможно извлечь из них пользу, но они не подвержены мейле. В каком случае это было сказано? В случае вещей, освященных для алтаря, но вещей, освященных для поддержания Храма [например], если кто-то освятил курицу, он [курица] и его яйца подлежат мейле . [Если кто-то освятил] осла, то он и его молоко подвержены мейле .
Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
במה דברים אמורים בקדשי מזבח – since milk and eggs are not appropriate for the altar, therefore they are not available for benefit and the laws of sacrilege do not apply to them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Meilah
Introduction
Today’s mishnah deals with sacrilege and the products that come from animals milk and eggs.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
אבל בקדשי בדק הבית – that is so that the laws of sacrilege apply to them, since they are the sanctify of money, and are appropriate for the repair of the Temple house. But in the Gemara (Tractate Meilah 12b) it explains that this Mishnah is deficient and should be read as follows: When is this said? When they sanctified the things of the body to the altar, but if their monetary value is dedicated for the altar, such as if he said, “the value of this bird,” or “the value of this animal is dedicated to the Temple” to bring from them a burnt offering, it is made as if one dedicated them for the repair of the Temple house, for certainly the dedication of the monetary value of the altar, the laws of religious sacrilege apply to the eggs and the milk.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Meilah
The milk of consecrated animals and the eggs of [consecrated] turtle-doves may not be used, but are not subject to the law of sacrilege. The sanctity of a consecrated female animal or turtle-dove applies to the animal itself, but not to the products that come from the animal, such as milk and eggs. While one may not derive any benefit from these items, they are not holy and therefore, they are not subject to the law of sacrilege.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Meilah
When is this so? For things dedicated for the altar, but as for things dedicated for Temple upkeep, if one consecrated a chicken both it and its eggs are subject to the law of sacrilege, or [if one dedicated] a she-donkey, both it and its milk are subject to the law of sacrilege. The above exemption from the law of sacrilege applies only if the animal was dedicated for the altar. But if an animal which could not be sacrificed was dedicated, such as a chicken or a donkey, then the animal is considered to have been dedicated for Temple upkeep. This means that the animal will be sold and the profits used to maintain the Temple. In such a case, even those things which the animal produces are holy and are subject to the law of sacrilege. We shall deal more with this subject in tomorrow’s mishnah.
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