Комментарий к Келим 8:4
קְדֵרָה שֶׁהִיא נְתוּנָה בַתַּנּוּר, הַשֶּׁרֶץ בַּתַּנּוּר, הַקְּדֵרָה טְהוֹרָה, שֶׁאֵין כְּלִי חֶרֶס מְטַמֵּא כֵלִים. הָיָה בָהּ מַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ, נִטְמָא וְטִמְּאָהּ. הֲרֵי זֶה אוֹמֵר, מְטַמְּאֶיךָ לֹא טִמְּאוּנִי וְאַתָּה טִמֵּאתָנִי:
Горшок, который был помещен в духовку—если в духовке был шерец , горшок остается чистым, так как глиняный сосуд не придает посуде примесей. Если он содержал капающую жидкость, он [жидкость] сжимается от примесей, и горшок также становится нечистым. Как будто этот говорит: «То, что сделало тебя нечистым, не сделало меня нечистым, но ты сделал меня нечистым».
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
הקדרה טהורה – and it is case where the unclean reptile did not see the airspace of the pot when it fell into the oven.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
A pot which was placed in an oven if a sheretz was in the oven, the pot remains clean since an earthen vessel does not impart impurity to vessels. The sheretz in the oven does not defile the pot because it is not in the air-space of the pot, but rather in the air-space of the oven. And the oven's contact with the pot does not defile the pot because earthenware vessels do not defile other earthenware vessels.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
נטמא – the liquid [is defiled if dripping liquid was in the pot] and it returned and defiled the pot, according to the law that all liquids are impure when they defile vessels.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If it contained dripping liquid, the latter contracts impurity and the pot also becomes unclean. It is as if this one says, "That which made you unclean did not make me unclean, but you have made me unclean." If there is liquid dripping off the pot, it is defiled by the oven which was defiled by the sheretz. In turn this liquid causes the pot itself to become impure because liquids can defile earthenware vessels. The mishnah personifies a dialogue between the pot and the liquid (think Mrs. Potts in Beauty and the Beast). The pot says to the liquid the oven which made you unclean didn't directly make me unclean. But you, Mr. Liquid, you made me unclean!
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מטמאיך לא טמאוני (those things which made you unclean did not make me unclean) – the pot says to the liquids, the airspace of the earthenware vessel that you received the defilement from it did not defile me, for an earthenware vessel becomes defiled from the airspace of an earthenware vessel.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ואתה טמאתני – that he pot was defiled on account of the impure liquids.
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