Когда на коже в одном месте находится оливковая мякоть, любой человек, который касается нитей, вытекающих из нее, или волос на коже, которые противоположны [и касаются упомянутой плоти], является нечистым. Если было два кусочка мяса размером с две половинки оливки каждая, то они загрязняются, когда их несут, а не просто касаясь их. Таково изречение Р. Ишмаэля, но Р. Акива считает, что «они не загрязняют себя, будучи нести или не тронуты», но он признает: «Если размер двух половинок оливок был наклеен на шампур и перемещен, это нечист ". Почему же тогда [Р. Акива], по отношению к коже, держать его в чистоте? Потому что кожа мешает их контакту.
Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
עור שיש עליו כזית בשר – in one place [of carrion meat].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
A hide which had an olive’s bulk of [unclean] flesh clinging to it, one who touches a shred hanging from it, or a hair that was opposite to it, he becomes unclean. This section teaches that one who touches something that is attached to a piece of flesh is considered as having touched the flesh. If there is a piece of flesh of nevelah (carrion) the size of an olive that is hanging from a hide, one who touches the hide has become unclean through nevelah uncleanness. He is also unclean if he touches the hair attached to the hide opposite the piece of flesh, for touching the hair counts as touching the hide which conveys the uncleanness from the flesh.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
הנוגע בציב היוצא ממנו (the tassel–shred that proceeds from it – the tassel-like ends of the hide) – a strip and a wart that goes out from the same flesh and is suspended and connected in part. And with that tassel, there isn’t an olive’s handbreadth, but it is from its hide of an olive’s handbreadth.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
If there were two pieces of flesh attached to it, each the size of half an olive, they convey uncleanness by carrying but not by contact, the words of Rabbi Ishmael. Rabbi Akiva says: neither by contact nor by carrying. Here, instead of there being one piece of flesh the size of an olive, the usual size necessary to convey nevelah uncleanness, there are two pieces of flesh, each the size of half of an olive. Both are attached to one piece of hide. Everyone agrees that these two pieces of flesh don’t join together to convey uncleanness by contact, since one is touching only one at a time. However, Rabbi Ishmael holds that if one carries the hide with the two olives attached to it he has become impure through carrying, because he is, after all, carrying an olive’s worth of nevelah. Rabbi Akiva says that they don’t convey impurity even when carried.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
ובשערה – that is on the hide opposite that skin–meat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
Rabbi Akiva agrees that if there were two pieces of flesh, each the size of half of an olive, that he stuck on a twig and he waved them, he becomes unclean. Rabbi Akiva agrees with Rabbi Ishmael that if there are two half-olive size pieces of flesh stuck on a stick, they join together to count as one full olive. Waving counts as carrying, so if he waves this stick with the two nevelah pieces on it, he is impure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
טמא – for the hair is a protection.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Chullin
Why then does Rabbi Akiva declare him clean in the [case where they cling to the] hide? Because the hide renders them negligible. The mishnah now explains why Rabbi Akiva says that the two pieces of flesh attached to the hide do not join together to transmit impurity while those attached to the stick do. The two small pieces of flesh attached to the hide are negligible and nullified vis a vis the hide. However, the stick that he put them on is not considered important and therefore they are not nullified in this situation.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
מטמא במשא – for it carries an olive’s bulk of carrion.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
ולא במגע – for it is impossible to touch together, and the two touches–contacts do not combine.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
לא במגע ולא במשא – as it explains the reason in the concluding [clause], that the hide renders them negligible.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Chullin
ומודה ר"ע – and even though there isn’t an olive’s bulk from its hide in one place, in the same manner as for example, when he inserts two halves of olives on a spindle–chip, meaning to say, on a thin piece of wood, and shook them, that it is ritually impure. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Akiva.
