Комментарий к Хала́ 4:1
שְׁתֵּי נָשִׁים שֶׁעָשׂוּ שְׁנֵי קַבִּין, וְנָגְעוּ זֶה בָזֶה, אֲפִלּוּ הֵם מִמִּין אֶחָד, פְּטוּרִים. וּבִזְמַן שֶׁהֵם שֶׁל אִשָּׁה אַחַת, מִין בְּמִינוֹ, חַיָּב. וְשֶׁלֹּא בְמִינוֹ, פָּטוּר:
Две женщины, которые сделали две [партии теста, в общей сложности две] Кабим [поют, Кав , определенная единица измерения], и они коснулись друг друга, даже если они одного и того же вида, они освобождены [от Халы , ( часть теста для хлеба, переданного коэну , священнику (pl. Kohanim, который становится святым при разлуке и может потребляться только коэнами или их домашним хозяйством)]. Когда они принадлежат одной женщине: если [партии ] один вид с одним и тем же видом, к которому они относятся, от разных видов они освобождены.
Bartenura on Mishnah Challah
שתי נשים אפילו הן ממין אחד פטורים – and neither the adhering nor the fusion (i.e., thing contained in one vessel are to be considered as one mass) in a basket does not combine them, since they are strict [in this area]. And even if they kneaded the two Kabs as one, since they are destined to be divided, they are exempt. And the anonymous Mishnah is according to the School of Hillel who say that [we require] two Kabs for Hallah (see Mishnah Eduyot, Chapter 1, Mishnah 2), but it is not the Halakha, for we establish that five-quarters [of dough] is the [minimum] measure for Hallah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Challah
Introduction
Our mishnah discusses the difference between cases where two batches of dough from the same species come into contact and cases where two batches of dough from different species come into contact.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Challah
Two women who made [separate doughs] from two [separate] kavs, and these [doughs] touched one another, even if they are of the same species, they are exempt [from hallah]. In this case two women each make a batch of dough and this batch of dough is only a kav in volume, which means that the dough is not subject to hallah (5/4 of a kav is the minimum). If these two batches of dough come into contact with each other they are still not subject to hallah because they are owned by different women. This is true even if they are of the same species.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Challah
When they belong to one woman: If one species [comes into contact] with the same species, they are subject [to hallah]. If different species, they are exempt. If the two batches of dough belong to the same woman, then if the two batches of dough are made from the same species, they are liable because they join together to create the minimum measure. If they are of different species then the two batches do not join together to form a minimum measure and they remain exempt from hallah.
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