Mishnah
Mishnah

Talmud sobre Mikvaot 8:1

מִקְוְאוֹת הָעַמִּים שֶׁבְּחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ, כְּשֵׁרִים לְבַעֲלֵי קְרָיִין, אֲפִלּוּ נִתְמַלְּאוּ בְקִילוֹן. שֶׁבְּאֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁחוּץ לַמַּפְתֵּחַ, כְּשֵׁרִים אַף לְנִדּוֹת. מִלִּפְנִים מִן הַמַּפְתֵּחַ, כְּשֵׁרִים לְבַעֲלֵי קְרָיִין, וּפְסוּלִים לְכָל הַטְּמֵאִים. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, הַקְּרוֹבִים לָעִיר וְלַדֶּרֶךְ, טְמֵאִים, מִפְּנֵי הַכְּבִיסָה. וְהָרְחוֹקִים, טְהוֹרִים:

A terra de Israel é pura e seus mikvaot [coletas de água coletadas por meios naturais e imersos em purificação] são [supostos como] puros. Os mikvaot das nações fora da Terra são válidos para os ba'alei kerayin [machos que tiveram uma emissão seminal, mas ainda não se purificaram por imersão em um mikveh ], mesmo que fossem enchidos manualmente de um poço de água. Os de Israel que estão fora dos portões [dos portões da cidade, isto é, fora das cidades] são válidos até para niddot [mulheres que menstruaram e são impuras]; aqueles dentro das fechaduras [ou seja, dentro dos portões da cidade] são válidos para ba'alei kerayin, mas inválidos para todos os [outros] indivíduos impuros. O rabino Eliezer diz: [mesmo fora dos portões da cidade], os que estão perto da cidade e da estrada são impuros devido ao uso da lavanderia, e os que estão longe são puros.

Jerusalem Talmud Avodah Zarah

There70Mishnah Miqwaot8:1. we have stated: “The Land of Israel is pure and its ritual baths are pure71There is a universal presumption that every Jewish congregation in the Land of Israel will see to it that its ritual baths are built according to the rules (in particular, that the water is natural, ground water or rain water, not from vessels, and that the amount of water is at last 40 seah(a Roman culleus, 20 amphorae) as required by rabbinic tradition. A visitor may use any such miqweh without first investigating its status. Cf. Berakhot3:4, Notes 164–166..” 72Tosephta Miqwaot6:1.“The land of the Samaritans is pure; its ritual baths, and its dwellings73Gentile dwellings and paths are impure even in the Land of Israel since one has to worry that Gentiles bury their stillborn in their dirt floors or on their paths. Anybody walking over such a spot would become impure by “tent impurity.” The opinion that Gentiles are not sources of “tent impurity” is not found in Yerushalmi sources (Babli Yebamot61a, attributed to R. Simeon ben Ioḥai.), and its paths are pure.” Its paths are pure; it is a presumption that they would not select a path unless it was pure74They are assumed to be more strict in matters of impurity than rabbinic Jews.. And its ritual baths are pure; Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Yose75The Tanna.: that is, to believe them that they are not from drawn water76Which is a source of impurity., but not for the measure of forty; for they explain, only a spring or a cistern, a collection of water77Lev. 11:36.,” just as a spring cleanses in any amount, any collection of water cleanses in any amount78In Sifra Šemini Paraššah9(1) the argument attributed here to Samaritans (as Sadducees) is rejected only because of the rule that אַךְ “only” must indicate an exclusion. This characterizes the rule that flowing water purifies in any quantity but standing water only in 40 seah as rabbinical but in essence it is also found in the Damascus Document CD X 11...
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