Alguém que toca em um zav [ou] um zava [uma mulher com secreção] [ou] uma niddah [mulher menstruada] ou uma mulher que deu à luz recentemente, ou uma metzora [uma pessoa que sofre de uma doença de pele feia] ou qualquer objeto em que estejam sentados ou deitados, eles tornam impuros em dois [níveis] e tornam impróprios [terumah] em um [nível mais]. Se ele se separou [da fonte de impureza], ele torna impuro em um [nível] e torna impróprio [terumah] em um [nível mais]. [A lei se aplica] se alguém tocou, se mudou, foi transportado ou foi transportado.
Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim
הנוגע בזב ובזבה וכו' – each of these are equivalent regarding their contact/touching to their carrying in that they defile a person to defile clothing, therefore, they are considered a primary source of ritual defilement all the while that they didn’t separate from them, for after [being in contact] it defiles clothing, and therefore, a person who touches it makes himself first remove (i.e., first-degree of ritual impurity) and second remove and invalidates/makes unfit heave-offering/priest’s due through third remove.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zavim
He who touches a zav, or a zavah, a menstruant, or a woman after childbirth, or a metzora, or any object on which these had been sitting or lying, conveys uncleanness at two [removes] and disqualifies [terumah] at one [further remove]. The person who touches one of these five people (a metzora is one with skin disease, see Negaim) or something that sat or laid upon is a "father of impurity." Anything he touches has first degree impurity and anything it touches has second degree impurity. Terumah that touches something with second degree impurity is disqualified.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim
פירש – [he separates] from what defiles him, he is none other than a mere first-degree of ritual impurity and defiles something to make it second-degree of ritual impurity, and makes heave-offering/priest’s due unfit in the third remove.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zavim
If he separated, he still conveys uncleanness at one [remove], and disqualifies [terumah] at one [further remove]. When he separates from the source of impurity his level of impurity is lowered to first degree impurity. He conveys impurity at one only remove and disqualifies terumah at two removes.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Zavim
ואחד המסיט, ואחד הנושא – and even though they do not touch, the man with a flux/gonorrhea and a woman with a flux and a menstruant woman are explicitly written, as it is written (Leviticus 15:31-32): “Such is the ritual concerning him who has a discharge, [concerning him who has an emission of semen and becomes impure thereby], and concerning her who is in menstrual infirmity, [and concerning anyone, male or female, who has a discharge, and concerning a man who lies with an impure woman],” but the leper and the woman who has given birth we derive from (Leviticus 15:32): "לזכר ולנקבה"/”and concerning anyone, male or female, who has a discharge,” [the word] "לזכר"/for the man – to include the leper and [the word] "לנקבה"/or female to include the woman who has given birth to a child.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Zavim
This is true whether he had touched, or had shifted, or had carried, or was carried. The above is true no matter how he contacted the impurity. He need not actually touch the source of impurity.
