Mishnah
Mishnah

Comentário sobre Sucá 1:3

פֵּרַס עָלֶיהָ סָדִין מִפְּנֵי הַחַמָּה, אוֹ תַּחְתֶּיהָ מִפְּנֵי הַנְּשָׁר, אוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַס עַל גַּבֵּי הַקִּינוֹף, פְּסוּלָה. אֲבָל פּוֹרֵס הוּא עַל גַּבֵּי נַקְלִיטֵי הַמִּטָּה:

Se ele espalhar um lençol sobre ele por causa do sol, ou sob ele (isto é, sob a escória) por causa da queda, ou sobre o parente, é pasul. [("a queda") :) para que folhas e galhos não caiam sobre a mesa. Outra interpretação: para que as folhas não caiam quando secam e a succa permanece "seu sol maior que sua sombra". Uma folha pode adquirir tumah (impureza) e é (portanto) pasul como escória. E isso é tão somente (se ele espalha a folha) por causa da queda; mas se ele o faz para embelezar (a succah), é kasher. ("ou no parente" :) Ou seja, mesmo que ele não o tenha espalhado por causa do outono, mas para decoração, em sua cama, no parente—quatro varas para os quatro pés da sua cama, que são altas. Ele coloca postes de um para o outro em cima deles, a uma distância da escória, de modo que agora ele não está usando algo que adquira tumah como escória, pois não o colocou lá para esse fim. É pasul, pois (nesse caso) ele não está morando em uma succa, uma tenda intervindo.] Mas ele pode espalhá-lo sobre os naklitin (os postes) da cama, que são apenas dois, no meio da sala. a cama, uma na cabeceira e a outra no pé. Um poste é estendido de um para o outro e um lençol é passeado sobre ele. E por não ter um teto de largura de mão, não é chamado de tenda.]

Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah

נשר – that the leaves and chips would not on the table. Another explanation: that the leaves would not drop after they dry up and the Sukkah would remain where the sunlight is greater than its shade, And sheets are things that can receive ritual defilement, and is invalid as S’khakh/covering of the festive booth, and specifically because of the droppings from the branches covering the Sukkah, but to beautify it is valid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sukkah

If he spread a sheet over it because of the sun or beneath it because of falling [leaves];
Or if he spread [a sheet] over the frame of a four-post bed, [the sukkah] is invalid.
But he may spread it over the frame of a two-post bed.

This mishnah teaches that if there is a roof-like structure underneath or above the sukkah it invalidates the skhakh.
Section one: If he spread a sheet on top of the sukkah to keep out the sun, or a sheet underneath the skhakh to keep out the falling leaves, the sheet invalidates the sukkah. This is because a sheet cannot be used for skhakh, so in essence he is using invalid skhakh to form his sukkah.
Section two: Similarly, if he spreads a sheet over a four-post bed, the sheet invalidates his skhakh, because the sheet forms a roof. However, the sheet does not invalidate the skhakh if it was spread over a two-post bed. This is because the sheet forms a tent-like structure, one that slopes to the sides and is not considered a roof. Since there is no roof made of a sheet, the only roof is the skhakh and the sukkah is valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah

או שפירס על גבי הקינוף – that is to say, or even if he did not spread it because of the droppings, but for beauty on his bed on the canopy, which are four poles for the four legs of his bed which are high and he places beams from one to the other on top of them and spreads a sheet over them and distances them from the S’khakh/covering of the festive booth, for now, he does not cover [the Sukkah] with something that can receive ritual defilement, for it is not to fence in there his area.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah

פסולה – because he is not sitting in the Sukkah as a tent separates between them.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sukkah

אבל פורס הוא ע"ג מטה שיש לה נקליטין - which are not other than two, and they go out in the middle of the bed, one at its head and one at its feet, and we place from this one to the other [a beam and spread over it a sheet] and because it lacks a roof that is a handbreadth wide from above, it is not called a tent.
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