O terumah [isto é, o que eles colocam nas cestas] —o que eles fizeram com isso? Eles compraram temidin (as ofertas queimadas diárias), mussafin (as ofertas adicionais), suas libações, o omer, os dois pães, o pão da mostra e todas as ofertas comunitárias [incluindo o incenso]. Os observadores de pós-crescimento no shevi'ith (o ano sabático) recebem o pagamento do terumah do lishkah. [Os "pós-crescimento" são o que crescem de si mesmos, do que restou da colheita. Os vigias são pagos para garantir que os pobres não os apanham no shevi'ith, e são trazidos para o omer em Pesach e para os dois pães em Shavuoth, que vêm apenas dos novos produtos e de Eretz Yisrael. Os vigias podem ser pagos pelo terumah, pois o que é necessário para a oferta é como a própria oferta a esse respeito.] R. Yossi diz: Se alguém desejar, ele poderá doar seus serviços como vigia não remunerado. [E mesmo que ele adquira os pós-crescimentos da hefker (propriedade renunciada) assistindo-os gratuitamente e trazendo-os, para que eles sejam seus—R. Yossi sustenta que uma oferta individual pode ser convertida em comunal.] Eles disseram a ele: Você não concorda que eles (essas ofertas) podem vir somente da congregação? [E se ele assistisse os pós-crescimentos gratuitamente e os trouxesse e os adquirisse, eles são encontrados para não virem da congregação (os rabinos sustentando que uma oferta individual não pode ser convertida em comunal.) A halachá está de acordo sábios.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
התרומה מה היו עושין בה – that they placed into the boxes – what did they do with them?
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shekalim
Introduction
This mishnah begins to discuss what they did with the money from the appropriation.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
וכל קרבנות הצבור – including incense.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shekalim
What did they do with the appropriation? They bring with it the daily burnt-offerings ( and the additional burnt-offerings ( and their libations, the omer and the two loaves and the showbread and all the other public offerings. This section contains a list of some of the public offerings that were purchased from the appropriation. Tamidim see Exodus 29:38, Numbers 28:3; musafim see Numbers 28:9 ff.; the omer Leviticus 23:10-11; the two loaves Leviticus 23:16-17; the showbread Leviticus 24:5-9.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
ספיחים – grain that comes up on its own from what was fell off/dropped at the harvest, and we give payment to the guards (i.e., these men were hired to prevent people from collecting the aftergrowth) so that poor people would not glean/gather them in the Seventh year, and bring from the Omer on Passover and the two loaves on Atzeret/Shavuot, for these do not come other than from חדש/new grain and from the Land of Israel. And we give them their payment from the Terumah/sacred donations, for the needs of the sacrifice are considered like the sacrifice itself.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shekalim
Those who guard the aftergrowths of the seventh year take their wages out of the appropriation from the chamber. Rabbi Yose says: [if a man wished] he could volunteer to watch without payment. But they said to him: you too admit that they can only be offered out of public funds. While it is forbidden to work the land during the seventh year, it is permitted to eat produce that grows on its own. This produce was necessary for the omer, the grain brought between Pesah and Shavuot, and the two loaves, brought on Shavuot, because these both had to come from newly harvested produce. To make sure that there was some grain in the fields the Temple would hire guards to watch the aftergrowths. These guards took their salary from the shekels. Rabbi Yose says that if an individual wishes to guard the fields without pay, he is free to do so. The other sages respond that his opinion is problematic. Rabbi Yose agrees that public sacrifices, those listed in section one, must come from public funds and not from individual donations. If one were to volunteer to watch the aftergrowths, he would by law become their owner and it would turn out that the omer and the two loaves would be coming from private donations. Therefore, individuals must take payment in return for guarding the fields.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
שומר חנם – and even though he acquired them for that which was ownerless, for when he guarded them for free and brought them, they are his. Rabbi Yosi holds that an individual sacrifice is different from the community sacrifice.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shekalim
אף אתה אומר כו' – that is to say, if you admit that they don’t come other than frm the community, and if you guarded them for free and brought them, he takes possession of them. It is found that they do not come from the community [offerings] since the Rabbis hold that an individual sacrifice does not change into a community [sacrifice], and the Halakha is according to the Sages.
