Comentário sobre Shabat 8:1

המוציא [יין] כדי מזיגת כוס – [of wine] for the Blessing after the Meal which is one-fourth part of a רביעית of pure wine in order that he would mix it to a percentage of one [part] of wine and three [parts] of water and he will become consistent with a quarter of a “log” (which equals the volume of six eggs) which is the measurement for a cup [of wine] for a blessing.

Introduction This mishnah discusses how much liquid one must carry in order to be liable.

כדי גמיעה – what a person absorbs at one time but the milk of a ritually impure animal that is not proper for drinking, its measure is to paint the eyelids [for medical or for cosmetic purposes] of one eye (see Talmud Shabbat 78b and the end of Mishnah 3 of our chapter).

One who carries out: [unmixed] wine, [is liable if it is] enough for the mixing of a cup; milk, as much as is swallowed at a time; honey, as much as is placed on a scab; oil, as much as is required to rub on a small limb; water, enough to rub with it collyrium; and all other liquids, a revi’it; and all waste water, a revi’it. The amount for which one is liable for carrying these liquids is dependent upon the minimal amount that is useful. Wine was mixed with water to dilute it. Therefore, if one carries unmixed wine, she is liable if she carries enough to mix a cup. For carrying milk, she is liable if she carries the amount normally swallowed at one time. Honey was evidently used to heal wounds. Oil was used like lotion and therefore she is liable if she carries enough to oil up a small limb, for instance a finger. Water was mixed with collyrium, an eye ointment. Although there are certainly other uses for water, this is the smallest amount that has any use. All other liquids and even waste water must be a revi’it (less than 100 cl, or 3 oz.)

על הכתית – a wound on the back of horses and donkeys on account of the burden; and I found it written that the inflammation that comes out of the hide of the flesh that when it reaches a boiling point it makes a head about and it is called the “mouth” of a scab, and even though the honey is principally for eating, because its healing [capacity] is found, and it is “something,” we go according to the smallest measure possible for a strict [ruling].

Rabbi Shimon says: all of them are a revi’it, they stated all of these measures only in respect of those who put them away. Rabbi Shimon disagrees with the previous opinion. He holds that all liquids have the same measure a revi’it. These measures have a different relevance with regard to liquid, one which relates back to that which we learned in 7:3. There we learned that if someone cares enough about an object to store it, she is liable if she carries it from domain to domain on Shabbat. Rabbi Shimon adds that the object also has to have a minimum measure. Our mishnah provides, according to Rabbi Shimon, the minimum measure for liquids. If a person is one who “stores” these liquids then the minimum measure to be liable for carrying is as listed above in section one. However, if a person is not careful about these liquids than she is liable only if she carries a revi’it.

אבר קטן – [smallest limb] of a one-day old baby which is the little toe of the foot.

לשוף – to rub and dissolve them.

קילור – that we put on the eye.

ושאר כל המשקין – that we don’t use for medicinal purposes.

שופכין – decaying waters and they are fit to stamp the clay.

ברביעית – even wine, milk and honey, whose measurements are not mentioned in the Mishnah other than those who set them aside (see Mishnah Shabbat, Chapter 10, Mishnah 1), but the rest of all people, they are not liable other than for a quarter of a “log”(i.e., the volume of six eggs), and Rabbi Shimon holds that when he himself sets something aside/stores away, he requires a small measurement and less than that amount he is not liable for it, for Rabbi Shimon does not hold that all that is not fit to set aside, we do not set aside/store it like him for he will become liable for it, but sets aside/store away a little bit, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Shimon.