A aspersão do sangue de kodshei kodashim pode ter um [efeito] brando e um [efeito] rigoroso, mas, com o kodashim kalim , afeta a todos com rigor. Como assim? [Com respeito a] kodshei kodashim , antes da aspersão do sangue, as leis de me'ilah se aplicam tanto aos membros [do animal a ser queimado no altar] quanto à carne; depois da aspersão do sangue, as leis de me'ilah se aplicam aos membros, mas as leis de me'ilah não se aplicam à carne. No que diz respeito a este [membros] e esta [carne], a pessoa é responsável por pigul , notar e tamei . É assim evidente que a aspersão do sangue tem um efeito branda e rigoroso. [Mas com relação a] kodashim kalim, isso tem apenas um efeito estrito. Como assim? Kodashim kalim , antes da aspersão do sangue, as leis da me'ilah não se aplicam nem aos membros nem à carne. Após aspersão do sangue, as leis da me'ilah se aplicam aos membros, mas as leis da me'ilah não se aplicam à carne. No que diz respeito a este [membros] e esta [carne], a pessoa é responsável por pigul , notar e tamei . É assim evidente que, no que diz respeito ao kodashim kalim , isso tem apenas um efeito estrito.
Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
מעשה דמים – this sprinkling/tossing of the blood.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Meilah
Introduction
Today’s mishnah compares the effect that the sprinkling of the blood on the altar has on sacrifices of both higher and lower degrees of holiness.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
ואין מועלין בבשר – after the sprinkling/tossing of the blood, there is no religious sacrilege with the flesh/meat, for already it has its hour of availability [for use by] the Kohanim (see Mishnah 1 of this chapter), which isits leniency, for because of the sprinkling/tossing of the blood, there comes the leniency that we don’t have religious sacrilege with it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Meilah
The act of [sprinkling the] blood of most holy sacrifices may have either a lenient or a stringent effect, but with sacrifices of a lesser degree of holiness it has only a stringent effect. This is an introductory note delineating the structure of the remainder of the mishnah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
על זה ועל זה – whether for those portions of the sacrifices offered on the altar whether on the flesh/meat after the sprinkling/tossing [of the blood[.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Meilah
How so? With most holy sacrifices, before the sprinkling, the law of sacrilege applies both to the innards and to the flesh; after the sprinkling it applies to the innards but not to the flesh; In respect of both one is guilty of [transgressing the laws of] notar, iggul and defilement. It is thus found that with most holy sacrifices the act of sprinkling has a lenient as well as a stringent effect. Before the sprinkling of the blood the flesh of most holy sacrifices cannot be eaten by the priests, and its innards cannot be placed on the altar. At this point all parts are subject to the laws of sacrilege. Once the blood is sprinkled, the laws of sacrilege do not apply to the flesh, because it can be eaten by the priests. This is a lenient effect. The innards are still subject to sacrilege, because they can never be eaten. After the sprinkling of the blood, the flesh becomes subject to the laws of piggul, notar and defilement, three laws which apply only to edible flesh. This is the stringent effect.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
חייבין משום פיגול – if he had the wrong intention in one of the four [Divine] Services, for sprinkling/tossing [of the blood] establishes for the wrong intention and also establishes for remnants/left-overs and that which is ritually impure, and this is make a stringemcy.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Meilah
With sacrifices of a lesser degree of holiness it has only a stringent effect. How so? With sacrifices of a lesser degree of holiness, before the sprinkling the law of sacrilege does not apply to the innards or to the flesh; after the sprinkling it applies to the innards but not to the flesh; In respect of both one is guilty of transgressing the laws of notar, piggul and defilement. It is thus found that with sacrifices of a lesser degree of holiness it has only a stringent effect. When it comes to less holy sacrifices, the sprinkling only has a stringent effect. Before the sprinkling, the laws of sacrilege do not apply at all, because they are not yet considered holy. We should note that the laws of meilah (sacrilege) never apply to the flesh of sacrifices of lesser holiness, because they can be eaten by anyone, and not just priests. Sacrilege applies only to food that can be eaten only by priests. Nevertheless, once the blood is sprinkled, the laws of sacrilege do apply to the innards. This is a stringent effect. The sprinkling also serves to make all parts subject to the laws of piggul, notar and defilement, which again is a stringent effect. It turns out that here the sprinkling of blood only has a stringent effect.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
ובקדשים קלים – after the sprinkling/tossing [of the blood].
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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
כולו להחמיר – and they commit religious sacrilege with those portions of the sacrifice offered on the altar, for it is was already appropriate to “on High” (i.e.,God), and these are Holy Things and not the money of the owners.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Meilah
ועל זה ועל זה – whether on the portions of the sacrifice offered on the altar or on the meat/flesh, they are liable for it because of improper intention, left-overs/remnants, and that which is impure. And that means all of it is for stringency.
