Derivados da água [que compartilham sua lei são]: O que sai do olho, [ou] do ouvido, [ou] do nariz, [ou] da boca, urina de um adulto ou criança. [É assim] se [a substância saiu] com o seu conhecimento ou sem o seu conhecimento. Derivados do sangue [são]: o sangue [emergindo do] abate de um animal doméstico kosher, um animal selvagem kosher ou pássaros kosher e sangue de sangria para beber. O soro de leite é como o leite, e a seiva [azeitona] é como o óleo, porque a seiva inclui óleo, estas são as palavras do rabino Shimon. O rabino Meir diz: Mesmo que não tenha óleo. O sangue de um Sheretz [animal rastejante] é como sua carne - transmite impureza, mas não torna o alimento suscetível à impureza. E não há mais nada parecido.
Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
בין גדולים – liquids that come out/exude from the anus/end of the rectum.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
Introduction
This mishnah deals with sub-categories of the seven arch-categories found above in mishnah four.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
בין קטנים – urine.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
Derivatives of water are: the liquids that come from the eye, from the ear, from the nose and from the mouth, and urine, whether of adults or of children, whether [its flow is] conscious or unconscious. Various liquids emitted from the body are categorized as water.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
ודם הקזה לשתיה (letting blood, opening a vein) – the letting of blood [from a vein] that he intended to provide as drink for the animals, and beasts or to the Canaanite [slaves].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
Derivatives of blood are: blood from the slaughtering of cattle and wild animals and birds that are clean, and blood from bloodletting for drinking. The blood referred to in mishnah four is the blood that comes out of an animal when it is kosherly slaughtered. The mishnah adds that blood from bloodletting that he intends to give to another animal to drink also causes susceptibility. In all of these cases he wanted or needed the blood to come out of the animal or person. However, blood that simply comes out due to injury is not desirable and therefore does not cause susceptibility.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
מי חלב – this is the whey/curdled milk that is separated from the cheese when they curdle the milk and congeal it in rennet, it makes the seeds susceptible [for receiving ritual impurity].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
Whey is like milk, Whey, the milky substance left after making cheese, is considered to be like milk and does cause susceptibility.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
ומוחל כשמן (and the sap/thin secretion is like oil) – black waters hat come out from the olives.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
And the sap of olives is deemed like oil, since it is never free from oil, the words of Rabbi Shimon. Rabbi Meir says: even though it contains no oil. The sap that comes out of olives causes susceptibility. Rabbi Shimon says that this is because we can be assured that there is some oil in it. Rabbi Meir says that even if we know that there is no oil in it, it still causes susceptibility because a person wants this sap to come out of his olives.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
שאין מוחל יוצא מידי שמן (for the sap is not wholly freed from particles of oil) – and it itself is sap/a thin secretion. According to Rabbi Shimon, it is fruit juice and it is not considered a liquid, but is susceptible [to receive ritual impurity] because of the remnants of oil that are in it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Makhshirin
The blood of a sheretz is like its flesh, it causes uncleanness but does not cause susceptibility to uncleanness, and there is nothing else like it. Blood of a sheretz causes impurity as does the flesh of the sheretz. However, it does not cause susceptibility to impurity. This means that if this blood falls on food that is not yet susceptible, the food remains pure. The blood of a sheretz is unique in that it is the only blood that joins with the flesh to create the minimum measure that causes impurity. In other words, if there is a lentil's worth of flesh and blood there is enough sheretz to cause impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
ר' מאיר אומר אע"פ שאין בו שמן – the sap itself is considered a liquid and it is susceptible [to receive ritual impurity] and it defiles. And the Halakha is according to Rabbi Meir.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Makhshirin
דם השרץ כשבשרו – and combines like the size of a lentil, as it is written regarding the eight reptiles (Leviticus 11:29-30): “The following shall be impure for you [from among the things that swarm on the earth: the mole, the mouse, and great lizards of every variety; the gecko, the land crocodile, the lizard, the sand lizard and the chameleon],” to include its blood that defiles like its flesh, it is able to make the seeds/semen susceptible [to receive ritual defilement], as Scripture teaches (Leviticus 11:29): “The following shall be impure for you” – it is impure, but it does not make the seeds/semen susceptible [to ritual defilement].
