Comentário sobre Kelim 28:7
שָׁלֹשׁ עַל שָׁלֹשׁ שֶׁאָמְרוּ, חוּץ מִן הַמְּלָל, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, שָׁלֹשׁ עַל שָׁלֹשׁ מְכֻוָּנֶת. טְלָיָהּ עַל הַבֶּגֶד, מֵרוּחַ אַחַת, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר. מִשְּׁתֵּי רוּחוֹת זוֹ כְנֶגֶד זוֹ, חִבּוּר. עֲשָׂאוֹ כְמִין גַּאם, רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, בַּמֶּה דְבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, בְּטַלִּית. אֲבָל בְּחָלוּק, מִלְמַעְלָן, חִבּוּר. וּמִלְּמַטָּן, אֵינוֹ חִבּוּר:
O [pedaço de tecido] de três por três [dedos] dos quais eles falaram não inclui a bainha, de acordo com o rabino Shimon. E os Sábios dizem: são precisamente três por três [incluindo a barra]. Se alguém o remendou em uma peça de roupa de um lado [apenas], não é considerada uma conexão [para fins de impureza]; se nos dois lados, um oposto ao outro, é considerado uma conexão. Se alguém o modelou como uma gama [em forma de L], o rabino Akiva o considera impuro, e os Sábios o consideram puro. O rabino Yehudah disse: "Com relação ao que essas coisas se aplicam? A uma capa. Mas, quanto a uma túnica, se [foi remendada] por cima [da lágrima], é considerada uma conexão; e se por baixo [da lágrima ], não é considerado uma conexão. "
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
שלש על שלש שאמרו (three-fingerbreadths by three-fingerbreadths – that they spoke of) – that it is susceptible to corpse defilement and reptile and carrion.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
The three ( square of which they have spoken do not include the hem, the words of Rabbi Shimon. But the sages say: exactly three [fingerbreadths] square. In 27:2 we learned that for a piece of cloth to be susceptible to impurity it must be at least three fingerbreadths square. According to Rabbi Shimon, this does not include the hem. Some commentators interpret this to mean that it doesn't include the strings that come out of the edges of the piece of cloth. The other rabbis disagree and hold that as long as the piece of cloth is at least three fingerbreadths square, the cloth is susceptible to impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
חוץ מן המלל – what the weaver leaves over at the top of he cloth, like the measure of two fingerbreadths, and it is branch/locks of the cloth, which is called מלל/hem. And since it is the warp/longitudinal direction alone and there is no woof/latitudinal direction, it does not combine for weaving. But my Teachers/Rabbis explain [the word] מלל, just as he hems and doubles the stitch in the place of he incision, because it is the manner of the threads to extend where they shouldn’t extend and the sewing is ruined.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If a patch was sewn on to a cloth by one side only, it is not considered as connected. If a patch is sewn on to the cloth and it is attached only at one side, then it is not considered to be attached to the cloth. If the cloth is impure, the patch remains pure and vice versa.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מכוונות (exactly)– and the hem is included in all of this.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If it was sewn on by two opposite sides, it is considered connected. If it was sewn on two opposite sides, it is sufficiently attached for it to be considered connected and for impurity to be conveyed from one to the other.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
טלייה על הבגד מרוח אחת – the path is impure through treading and he sewed it on the the cloth in the middle from one direction [only], but from three directions, it is suspending and not attached to the cloth.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If it was sewn on the shape of a gamma: Rabbi Akiva says that the cloth is unclean, But the sages say that it is clean. To be sewn on in the shape of a gamma means that it was sewn on two perpendicular sides. Rabbi Akiva considers this connection to be sufficient to convey impurity from the patch to the cloth and vice versa. But the sages say that if the patch is unclean, the cloth remains clean because this is not sufficient for it to be considered connected.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
אינו חיבור- and the cloth is not impure through treading uncleanness.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Judah stated: When does this apply? To a cloak, but in the case of an undershirt the patch is regarded as connected if it was sewn by its upper side, but if by its lower side it is not connected. Rabbi Judah says that the rule in section two applies only if the garment under discussion is a cloak that is worn above one's other garments. In such a case, a patch sewn on by one side will not stay well on the garment. But when it comes to an undershirt, if the patch is sewn to the shoulder part of the shirt, it will stay in place and therefore it is considered connected. But if it is sewn by one side only onto the lower side of the shirt, it will not stay in place and therefore it is not considered connected.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
משתי רוחות זו כנגד זו (from two directions – one opposite the other) – as for example, that it is sewn from the east and the west, but it is not sewn from the north and south. Or its reverse. This is a connection and the cloth is impure through treading uncleanness.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כמין גאם – that it is sewn east and south, or west and north.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
במה דברים אמורים – that it is not a connector other than from two directions/sides, one opposite the other.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
בטלית – for it is not the manner of dress/clothing other than that wrapping upon it alone.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
אבל בחלוק (but a shirt) – that we wear, is always a connector, unless the upper rim/hem is sewn. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.
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