Comentário sobre Eruvin 7:3
חָרִיץ שֶׁבֵּין שְׁתֵּי חֲצֵרוֹת עָמוֹק עֲשָׂרָה וְרָחָב אַרְבַּע, מְעָרְבִין שְׁנַיִם וְאֵין מְעָרְבִין אֶחָד, אֲפִלּוּ מָלֵא קַשׁ אוֹ תֶבֶן. מָלֵא עָפָר, אוֹ צְרוֹרוֹת, מְעָרְבִין אֶחָד, וְאֵין מְעָרְבִין שְׁנָיִם:
Um buraco [percorrendo todo o comprimento] entre dois pátios — dez (largura de mão) de profundidade e quatro de largura (se for menor que isso, é facilmente atravessado de ponta a ponta)] — dois eruvin são feitos e não um, mesmo que seja preenchido com palha e feno, [pois este não é um "recheio", não sendo deixado para permanecer ali, mas para ser retirado.] Se fosse preenchido com terra ou pedras, um eruv é feito e não dois.
Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
חריץ – it is long and interrupts on the surface of the entire courtyard.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Introduction
Today’s mishnah is about a ditch that separates two courtyards. The rules concerning the ditch are very similar to the rules about the wall which we learned yesterday.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
ורחב ד' – for less than this, it is easy to walk from border to border/rim to rim.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
If a ditch between two courtyards was ten handbreadths deep and four handbreadths wide, they may make two eruvin but not one, even if it was full of stubble or straw. Just as a ten handbreadth high, four handbreadth wide wall is sufficiently large to separate the two courtyards, so too acts a ditch ten handbreadths deep and four handbreadths wide. This is true even if the ditch is full of straw or stubble. These do not count as filling up the ditch because people don’t generally leave them there for good. Rather they may store the straw or stubble in the ditch for a while until they need them later on. In other words, it’s still a ditch. Since these are two separate courtyards, each one must have its own eruv.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
ואפילו מלא תבן וקש – it is not a closure, for it does not abolish/suspend for him [going] to there for he will ultimately take it [to bring to his animals].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
If it was full of earth or gravel, only one eruv may be prepared, but not two. In contrast, usually when people fill a ditch with earth or gravel, it is because they no longer want the ditch. They don’t usually “store” their dirt there, only to get it back later. Once filled with earth or gravel, the ditch is no longer there. Therefore, the two courtyards are actually only one and only one eruv may be prepared.
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