Comentário sobre Demai 5:11
אתָּרַם מִן הַדְּמַאי עַל הַדְּמַאי, מִדְּמַאי עַל הַוַּדַּאי, תְּרוּמָה, וְיַחֲזֹר וְיִתְרֹם. מִן הַוַּדַּאי עַל הַדְּמַאי, תְּרוּמָה, וְלֹא תֵאָכֵל עַד שֶׁיּוֹצִיא עָלֶיהָ תְּרוּמוֹת וּמַעַשְׂרוֹת:
[Se alguém tirou Terumah de Demai [produto do qual não se sabe se os dízimos já foram retirados] para [outro] Demai , ou Demai para produtos que certamente não foram dízimos, [isso é tratado com as rigorosas condições de validade] Terumah , [mas] é preciso retornar e retomar o Terumah [de maneira válida]. A partir de produtos que não foi certamente dizimou para Demai , [esta é tratada com os rigores de validade] Terumah , e não pode ser consumido até terumot e Ma'asrot foram removidos para ele.
Bartenura on Mishnah Demai
מן הדמאי על הדמאי – perhaps this was tithe and that [portion] was not tithed.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Demai
Introduction
This mishnah deals with giving terumah from demai produce for produce that has certainly not been tithed, or vice versa, from certainly non-tithed produce for demai. The problem here is similar to the problem in yesterday’s mishnah. He is giving terumah for produce that is only liable derabbanan (demai) on behalf of produce that is liable from the Torah, the non-tithed produce.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Demai
תרומה – it is not necessary to make things legally fit for use by giving the priestly gifts since it is doubtfully tithed, but most of those who do not observe certain religious customs regarding tithes do tithe (especially the Large Heave-Offering – the 1/50 portion to the Kohen, which otherwise brings the death penalty).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Demai
If one gave terumah from [produce of] demai for [other produce of] demai, or from [produce of] demai for [produce] which was certainly untithed, [this becomes] terumah, but he must give terumah over again. In this case he separates terumah from produce that is only doubtfully liable for tithes on behalf of other produce that is either liable for tithes (non-tithed produce) or only liable derabbanan (the other demai). As we have seen, that which he calls terumah is terumah, but he still must again go back and separate terumah from the other demai or non-tithed produce. In short, the separation of terumah was not effective to render the produce permitted. Note that in the case of “separating from demai on behalf of other demai” the mishnah does not state that before this terumah can be eaten he must go back and separate again from the first demai, lest it had not been tithed and the second demai was tithed and it turn out that he was separating from obligated produce on behalf of non-obligated produce. According to the Yerushalmi, the rabbis were not strict in this scenario.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Demai
תרומה ולא תאכל – for it is similar to someone who separates for tithing from a perforated [pot] for something that comes from something that is not perforated (see the previous Mishnah) , from that which is liable [for tithing] on that which is exempt, for if the doubtfully tithed produce is tithe, it is found that the heave-offering are eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts according to the Torah, therefore, one should not eat of them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Demai
[If he gave terumah] from [produce] which was certainly untithed for [produce of] demai, [this becomes] terumah, but it may not be eaten until he first gives terumah and tithes for it. In this case he gave terumah from produce that is certainly liable on behalf of other produce that is doubtfully liable (demai). As we saw at the end of yesterday’s mishnah, in such a scenario he has not successfully separated terumah from the first produce (here the non-tithed produce), and also not from the produce for which he was separating (here the demai). That which he calls terumah is still terumah, but in order for a priest to eat it he will have to go back and separate terumah and tithes from the non-tithed produce until then the produce is still considered non-tithed, and forbidden to all.
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