Se alguém consagra sua propriedade ou se avalia, o templo não tem direito às roupas de sua esposa ou de seus filhos, nem às roupas tingidas que ele tingiu para uso delas ou às sandálias novas que ele comprou para uso. Embora eles dissessem: “Os escravos são vendidos com suas vestimentas para aumentar seu valor”, porque quando uma roupa de trinta dinares é comprada para ele, seu valor é aumentado por uma juba . E da mesma forma que uma vaca, se for aguardada até o dia do mercado, aumenta em valor e, da mesma forma, uma pérola, se trazida para uma grande cidade aumenta em valor. No entanto, o fundo do Templo só pode reivindicar o valor de qualquer coisa em seu próprio lugar e em seu próprio tempo.
Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
אין לו בכסות אשתו ובניו – because these properties are not his.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Arakhin
Introduction
Today’s mishnah continues to deal with how the Temple assesses a person’s belongings if they have dedicated all of their property to the Temple.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
שצבען לשמן – for the sake of his wife and children.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Arakhin
Whether one consecrates his property or evaluates himself, it [the Sanctuary] has no claim to his wife's garment or his children's garment or to the dyed clothes which he had dyed for their use or to the new sandals which he has bought for their use. When a person dedicates all of his property to the Temple, the Temple can make claim only to property that is his they have no share in his family’s property. Even if he bought clothes for his wife or kids, they belong them and not to him. The mishnah goes even further. If the husband has clothes dyed in order to give them to his wife and kids, they already belong to them, even if they have not yet worn them. Similarly, if he buys new sandals for them, they do not belong to the husband, even if the wife and kids have not yet worn them. The mere intent that these items should belong to his family already takes them out of his property.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
לא בסנדלים חדשים – it comes to teach us something remarkable for even though that they still had not worn them (i.e., the shoes), they are he time of their purchasing/acquiring them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Arakhin
Although they said: “Slaves are sold with their garments to increase their value,” because when a garment for thirty denars is bought for him his value is increased by a maneh. And likewise with a cow, if it is kept waiting to the market-day it increases in value, and similarly a pearl, if brought to a big city increases in value. Nevertheless, the Sanctuary can only claim the value of anything in its own place and at its own time. The main point of this section is that when the Temple’s treasurer estimates the value of a person’s property, he estimates how much it is worth now, and not how much it might be worth in the future. There are three examples in which an owner could easily raise the value of his property. A slave dressed in fine clothing, worth 30 denars, will see his value in the market value go up 100 denar (a maneh) [this is similar to painting your house or fixing your car before you sell it the house increases in value more than the cost of the paintjob]. Similarly, a cow and a pearl that are given time to grow can have their market value greatly increase. In sum, slaves, animals and precious stones can have a large degree of variance in their value. Nevertheless, when the Temple collects from the person who dedicated his property, they assess its worth based on its current value.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
אע"פ שאמרו עבדים נמכרים בכסותן לשבח – their nice raiment/clothing praises and raises their monetary value, as for example regarding the possessions of orphans, that if clothing worth thirty Denar should be acquired by a slave, he should ameliorate it by a Maneh on the monetary value that it is worth currently.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
לאטליס – to the market day.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
לכרך – that it is the manner of merchants to come there and purchase pearls at an expensive price.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
אין להקדש אלא מקומו – regarding a pearl.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Arakhin
ושעתו – regarding a slave, as it is written (Leviticus 27:23): “and he shall pay the assessment as of that day,” that he not delay it. “a sacred donation to the LORD” (ibid.), implying that everything that is a sacred donation to the LORD, such as mere donations to the Sanctuary, which are for the repair of the Temple, all of them should be given on that day immediately, so that he would not delay them. And the reason is, as Maimonides wrote (in his commentary to the Mishnah), that sometimes when they come delay [their sale] in order to increase their value, but [in actuality] they come to a loss in value, and for this reason, also, one does not profit from that which is dedicated to the Temple.
