Talmud do Kelim 24:12
שְׁלֹשָׁה עוֹרוֹת הֵן. הֶעָשׂוּי לְשָׁטִיחַ, טָמֵא מִדְרָס. לְתַכְרִיךְ הַכֵּלִים, טָמֵא טְמֵא מֵת. וְשֶׁל רְצוּעוֹת וְשֶׁל סַנְדָּלִים, טְהוֹרָה מִכְּלוּם:
Istnieją trzy rodzaje skór: jedna wykonana jako dywan jest podatna na zanieczyszczenia midras ; [jeden wykonany] jako opakowanie na naczynia jest podatny na zanieczyszczenie zwłok; a to, co ma być [pocięte na paski i] użyte na paski lub do sandałów, jest wolne od wszelkich [rodzajów zanieczyszczeń].
Jerusalem Talmud Kilayim
HALAKHAH: “Hand towels, etc.” There53Mishnah Kelim 24:12. The entire chapter deals with classification of the types of impurity of כלים, i. e., vessels, tools, and garments. Vessels can only acquire original impurity if they are made to be sat on; they become actually impure if a person with gonorrhea sits on them, if they carry his “load”. In all other cases, vessels can only acquire derivative impurity; this is exemplified by a vessel standing in the same tent with a corpse. Hence, “impure by the dead” in these Mishnaiot simply means “may acquire derivative impurity.” Vessels or textiles that are only used to serve other vessels, not humans directly, cannot become impure (Mishnah Kelim 16:7). Cf. also Demay, Chapter 2, Note 136, and above Chapter 2, Note 180., we have stated: “There are three kinds of towels. Hand towels may become impure by load; scroll wraps may become impure by the dead; the wrappings of the Levites’ harps54The mss. of the Maimonides tradition read “wrappings (of the dead) and covers of Levites’ harps.” are always pure.” Rebbi La in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan, because one may put them on the pillow and sleep on them. Rav said, because he puts them under his upper arms55A reason has to be found why hand towels are considered manufactured for the purpose that either one should sit or lie on them or exert pressure (“load”) on them, for only this can make them susceptible to the impurity of “load”..
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