Komentarz do Terumot 4:7

תרומה עולה באחד ומאה – a Seah of heave-offering/Terumah that fell into one-hundred Seah of unconsecrated produce, which are, amidst everything one-and one-hundred, he takes one [Seah] from them and gives it to the Kohen, and the rest is unconsecrated produce as they were.

Introduction I have already explained on several occasions that if terumah falls into non-sacred produce it renders the entire mixture “medumma.” “Medumma” is doubtful terumah and it can only be eaten by a priest. However, if the amount of non-sacred produce was large enough, the terumah can be removed, given to a priest and the rest of the mixture returns to being non-sacred produce. This is obviously a much better scenario for the person who owns the mixture because he can eat all of the hullin. Our mishnah teaches how much non-sacred produce there must be in relation to the amount of terumah that fell in.

במאה ועוד – if a Seah of heave-offering/Terumah fell into ninety-nine Seah of unconsecrated produce and a bit more than ninety nine, and this a bit more, has no measurement, for since there is one-hundred and another something, he takes one Seah and gives it to the Kohen, and the rest is unconsecrated produce as they were.

Rabbi Eliezer says: terumah can be taken out [if it falls into] a hundred and one parts. According to Rabbi Eliezer there must be a full one hundred parts non-sacred produce (hullin) for every part terumah. So if one seah of terumah falls into one hundred seahs hullin, there will be a total of 101 seahs, and the terumah can be removed. One seah is given to the priest and the rest reverts back to hullin.

קב למאה סאה שתות למדמע – if a Seah of Terumah/heave-offering fell into ninety-nine [parts] of unconsecrated produce and a Kab more, for the Kab is one-sixth of a Seah of Terumah in a proportion that makes the whole prohibited to non-priests, for a Seah is six Kabim, then he takes one Seah and the rest is unconsecrated produce as they were. But if there was unconsecrated produce less than ninety-nine [parts] and a Kab, the entire whole is forbidden to non-priests, and all of it should be sold to a Kohen at the value of Terumah outside of the value of a Seah of the Terumah that is in it. But the Halakha is according to Rabbi Eliezer that the Terumah is not offered with less than one hundred and one. For the Tanna/teacher of the Mishnah taught for us taught us anonymously according to him in several places. And everyone admits that the Terumah is not offered with one-hundred alone, and all the more so, with less than one-hundred [corresponding parts] as it is written (Numbers 18:29): “from every thing its best portion, the part thereof that is to be consecrated,” a thank that you donate from it [as Terumah], if it fell into it, you sanctify it, which is identical with one from one -hundred [parts], for from one-hundred Seah, you separate ten for First Tithe, and from those ten Seah for the Terumah of the tithe, and the All-Merciful stated that if that Seah returned to the ninety-nine, you sanctify them and everything becomes forbidden to non-priests, subject to the laws of Terumah.

Rabbi Joshua says: in a hundred and more, and this “more” has no definite measure. Rabbi Judah holds that if one seah of terumah falls into 99 seahs and a little bit more of hullin, thereby making a mixture that has a total of 100 parts and a little bit more, the terumah can be taken out. This “more,” the amount over 99 seahs, can be of any amount, even the smallest amount.

Rabbi Yose ben Meshullam says: this ‘more’ must be a kav to a hundred seahs, a sixth [of the seah] which renders the whole as medumma. Rabbi Yose ben Meshullam agrees in principle with Rabbi Joshua, but says that there is a measure to this small amount. In the situation described above, where one seah of terumah falls into a vat of hullin, there must be 99 seahs and one kav of hullin in order for the terumah to be nullified. The kav is 1/6 of the seah of terumah that fell in. In other words, the extra amount must be 1/6 of the amount of terumah that one is attempting to nullify.