Komentarz do Szewiit 4:6
הַמְזַנֵּב בִּגְפָנִים וְהַקּוֹצֵץ קָנִים, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי אוֹמֵר, יַרְחִיק טֶפַח. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, קוֹצֵץ כְּדַרְכּוֹ, בַּקַּרְדֹּם אוֹ בַמַּגָּל, וּבַמְּגֵרָה, וּבְכָל מַה שֶׁיִּרְצֶה. אִילָן שֶׁנִּפְשַׁח, קוֹשְׁרִין אוֹתוֹ בַּשְּׁבִיעִית, לֹא שֶׁיַּעֲלֶה, אֶלָּא שֶׁלֹּא יוֹסִיף:
Kto przycina winogrona lub tnie trzcinę - mówi rabin Yosi Galilejczyk, powinien oddalić [cięcie] na szerokość dłoni [od ziemi]. Rabin Akiwa mówi, że można ciąć w normalny sposób, używając siekiery, sierpa, piły lub czegokolwiek tylko zechce. Jeśli drzewo się rozłupuje, można je związać w roku szabatowym; nie po to, aby pomóc mu rosnąć bardziej, ale raczej, aby podział nie powinien się rozszerzać.
Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
המזנב גפנים – cut/lop off the extreme branches of the vine, on order that what grows from the trunk will grow and thicken and increase its strength, and similarly, he cuts reeds in order that they thicken and add to them.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
Introduction
This mishnah continues to deal with the subject of keeping trees healthy on Sheviit.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
ירחיק טפח – [it should be distanced one handbreadth] from the ground and further it will not appear as work.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
One who trims grape vines, or cuts reeds: Rabbi Yose the Galilean says: he must leave [uncut at least] one handbreadth. But Rabbi Akiba says: he may cut them in the usual manner, with the axe, sickle or saw, or with whatever he pleases. According to Rabbi Yose the Galilean when one trims grape vines or cuts down reeds in a marshy area, he must leave a handbreadth from where he trims or cuts to make sure that it doesn’t look like he is either pruning the grape vine or preparing the land for planting. Pruning is prohibited because it is done to improve the vine and preparing the land for planting is similarly prohibited. When he leaves the handbreadth it is clear that he is only cutting down in order to get the stuff out of the way. Rabbi Akiba is not concerned with this and allows him to trim the grape vines and cut the reeds in a normal manner.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
שנפשה – that was split, like (Lamentations 3:11): “[He has forced me off my way] and mangled me.”
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English Explanation of Mishnah Sheviit
A tree that had split may be tied up in the seventh year, not that it may heal, but only that it should not widen. If a tree somehow split during the sabbatical year, it is permitted to tie it back together. However, the intent should not be so that the tree will heal because this would be improving the tree. Rather, the intent must be just to prevent worse damage from occurring. Again, improving is prohibited whereas maintaining is permitted.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
לא שיעלה – that its split parts will not become reattached.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Sheviit
אלא שלא יוסיף – to split further.
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